Cargando…

Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns

Gluten-free (GF) eating patterns are frequently perceived to be healthier than gluten-containing (GC) ones, but there has been very little research to evaluate this viewpoint. The effect of GF eating patterns on dietary composition was assessed using two independent approaches. One approach compared...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Taetzsch, Amy, Das, Sai Krupa, Brown, Carrie, Krauss, Amy, Silver, Rachel E., Roberts, Susan B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6317051/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30513876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121881
_version_ 1783384673849704448
author Taetzsch, Amy
Das, Sai Krupa
Brown, Carrie
Krauss, Amy
Silver, Rachel E.
Roberts, Susan B.
author_facet Taetzsch, Amy
Das, Sai Krupa
Brown, Carrie
Krauss, Amy
Silver, Rachel E.
Roberts, Susan B.
author_sort Taetzsch, Amy
collection PubMed
description Gluten-free (GF) eating patterns are frequently perceived to be healthier than gluten-containing (GC) ones, but there has been very little research to evaluate this viewpoint. The effect of GF eating patterns on dietary composition was assessed using two independent approaches. One approach compared macronutrients and typical shortfall nutrients between MyPlate example menus developed with either GC or equivalent GF foods. In this analysis, the GF menus were significantly lower in protein, magnesium, potassium, vitamin E, folate, and sodium (p = 0.002–0.03), with suggestive trends towards lower calcium and higher fat (p = 0.06–0.08). The second approach was a meta-analysis of seven studies comparing information on the nutrient intakes of adults with celiac disease following a GF diet with control subjects eating a GC diet, and differences were evaluated using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon Signed rank tests. In this analysis, consuming a GF diet was associated with higher energy and fat intakes, and lower fiber and folate intakes compared to controls (p < 0.001 to p = 0.03). After adjusting for heterogeneity and accounting for the large mean effect size (−0.88 ± 0.09), the lower fiber remained significant (p < 0.001). These combined analyses indicate that GF diets are not nutritionally superior except for sodium, and in several respects are actually worse.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6317051
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-63170512019-01-08 Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns Taetzsch, Amy Das, Sai Krupa Brown, Carrie Krauss, Amy Silver, Rachel E. Roberts, Susan B. Nutrients Article Gluten-free (GF) eating patterns are frequently perceived to be healthier than gluten-containing (GC) ones, but there has been very little research to evaluate this viewpoint. The effect of GF eating patterns on dietary composition was assessed using two independent approaches. One approach compared macronutrients and typical shortfall nutrients between MyPlate example menus developed with either GC or equivalent GF foods. In this analysis, the GF menus were significantly lower in protein, magnesium, potassium, vitamin E, folate, and sodium (p = 0.002–0.03), with suggestive trends towards lower calcium and higher fat (p = 0.06–0.08). The second approach was a meta-analysis of seven studies comparing information on the nutrient intakes of adults with celiac disease following a GF diet with control subjects eating a GC diet, and differences were evaluated using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon Signed rank tests. In this analysis, consuming a GF diet was associated with higher energy and fat intakes, and lower fiber and folate intakes compared to controls (p < 0.001 to p = 0.03). After adjusting for heterogeneity and accounting for the large mean effect size (−0.88 ± 0.09), the lower fiber remained significant (p < 0.001). These combined analyses indicate that GF diets are not nutritionally superior except for sodium, and in several respects are actually worse. MDPI 2018-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6317051/ /pubmed/30513876 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121881 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Taetzsch, Amy
Das, Sai Krupa
Brown, Carrie
Krauss, Amy
Silver, Rachel E.
Roberts, Susan B.
Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title_full Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title_fullStr Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title_full_unstemmed Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title_short Are Gluten-Free Diets More Nutritious? An Evaluation of Self-Selected and Recommended Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Dietary Patterns
title_sort are gluten-free diets more nutritious? an evaluation of self-selected and recommended gluten-free and gluten-containing dietary patterns
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6317051/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30513876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121881
work_keys_str_mv AT taetzschamy areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns
AT dassaikrupa areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns
AT browncarrie areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns
AT kraussamy areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns
AT silverrachele areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns
AT robertssusanb areglutenfreedietsmorenutritiousanevaluationofselfselectedandrecommendedglutenfreeandglutencontainingdietarypatterns