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Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder

BACKGROUND: Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is an under-diagnosed disorder that affects mobility and the quality of life of affected patients. The aim of the study is to describe the natural history of SPS, the extent of accumulated disability and the associated clinical and immunological features in pa...

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Autores principales: Rakocevic, Goran, Alexopoulos, Harry, Dalakas, Marinos C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6317182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30606131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1232-z
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author Rakocevic, Goran
Alexopoulos, Harry
Dalakas, Marinos C.
author_facet Rakocevic, Goran
Alexopoulos, Harry
Dalakas, Marinos C.
author_sort Rakocevic, Goran
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is an under-diagnosed disorder that affects mobility and the quality of life of affected patients. The aim of the study is to describe the natural history of SPS, the extent of accumulated disability and the associated clinical and immunological features in patients followed for up to 8 years in a single center. METHODS: Our collective cohort included 57 SPS patients. Additionally, 32 of these patients were examined every 6 months for a two-year period in a longitudinal study protocol, to assess disease progression using quantitative measures of stiffness and heightened sensitivity. RESULTS: The most frequent initial symptom was leg stiffness, followed by paraspinal muscle rigidity and painful spasms in 95% of the patients. Although none of the patients required assistance for ambulation during the first 2 years of disease onset, 46 patients (80%) lost the ability to walk independently during our follow-up, despite symptomatic medications. In the longitudinal cohort, the number of stiff areas increased (p < 0.0001), consistent with worsening functional status and quality of life. High-titer anti-GAD antibodies were present in serum and CSF with elevated intrathecal GAD-specific IgG synthesis, but they did not correlate with clinical severity or progression. CONCLUSIONS: This large study on SPS patients, combining an eight-year follow-up at a single center by the same leading neurologist and his team, is the first to provide longitudinal data in a large patient subgroup using objective clinical measures. One of the main findings is that SPS is a progressive disease leading to physical disability over time.
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spelling pubmed-63171822019-01-08 Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder Rakocevic, Goran Alexopoulos, Harry Dalakas, Marinos C. BMC Neurol Research Article BACKGROUND: Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is an under-diagnosed disorder that affects mobility and the quality of life of affected patients. The aim of the study is to describe the natural history of SPS, the extent of accumulated disability and the associated clinical and immunological features in patients followed for up to 8 years in a single center. METHODS: Our collective cohort included 57 SPS patients. Additionally, 32 of these patients were examined every 6 months for a two-year period in a longitudinal study protocol, to assess disease progression using quantitative measures of stiffness and heightened sensitivity. RESULTS: The most frequent initial symptom was leg stiffness, followed by paraspinal muscle rigidity and painful spasms in 95% of the patients. Although none of the patients required assistance for ambulation during the first 2 years of disease onset, 46 patients (80%) lost the ability to walk independently during our follow-up, despite symptomatic medications. In the longitudinal cohort, the number of stiff areas increased (p < 0.0001), consistent with worsening functional status and quality of life. High-titer anti-GAD antibodies were present in serum and CSF with elevated intrathecal GAD-specific IgG synthesis, but they did not correlate with clinical severity or progression. CONCLUSIONS: This large study on SPS patients, combining an eight-year follow-up at a single center by the same leading neurologist and his team, is the first to provide longitudinal data in a large patient subgroup using objective clinical measures. One of the main findings is that SPS is a progressive disease leading to physical disability over time. BioMed Central 2019-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6317182/ /pubmed/30606131 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1232-z Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rakocevic, Goran
Alexopoulos, Harry
Dalakas, Marinos C.
Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title_full Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title_fullStr Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title_short Quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
title_sort quantitative clinical and autoimmune assessments in stiff person syndrome: evidence for a progressive disorder
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6317182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30606131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1232-z
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