Long working hours and skipping breakfast concomitant with late evening meals are associated with suboptimal glycemic control among young male Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To assess the associations of working conditions, eating habits and glycemic control among young Japanese workers with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This hospital‐ and clinic‐based prospective study included 352 male and 126 female working patients with diabetes aged 20–40 years. Data were obtained from June to July 2012 and June to July 2013. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate multivariable‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suboptimal glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin level of ≥7%) obtained from June to July 2013. RESULTS: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that disease duration of ≥10 years (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.02–5.80), glycosylated hemoglobin level of ≥7% in 2012 (OR 8.50, 95% CI 4.90–14.80), skipping breakfast and late evening meals (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.25–5.00) and working ≥60 h/week (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.16–7.40) were predictive of suboptimal glycemic control in male workers, whereas a glycosylated hemoglobin level of ≥7% in 2012 (OR 17.96, 95% CI 5.93–54.4), oral hyperglycemic agent therapy (OR 12.49, 95% CI 2.75–56.86) and insulin therapy (OR 11.60, 95% CI 2.35–57.63) were predictive of suboptimal glycemic control in female workers. CONCLUSIONS: Working ≥60 h/week and habitual skipping breakfast concomitant with late evening meals might affect the ability of young male workers with type 2 diabetes to achieve and maintain glycemic control.