Double primary tumors of the pancreas: A case report

RATIONALE: Adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors are a very rare combination of double primary pancreas tumor. PATIENT CONCERNS: A Whipple operation was initially performed on a 64-year-old man to remove an adenocarcinoma. Four years after the operation, surveillance- computed tomography revealed abnormal findings of the pancreas. Recurrent adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor involving different sites of the remnant pancreas were simultaneously detected and characterized on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. DIAGNOSES: The patient was diagnosed with recurrent adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor in the post-operative pancreas. INTERVENTIONS: Radical pancreatosplenectomy was performed. The patient underwent subsequent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. OUTCOMES: No tumor recurrence was found during the 5 years of follow-up visits. LESSONS: The possibility of multiple primary tumors of different histological origin should be considered when multiple different pancreatic lesions are detected on images. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play key roles in the management of multiple tumors in the pancreas.