Cargando…
Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics
Theranostic nanoparticles recently received great interest for uniting unique functions to amplify therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Despite the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which amplifies the accumulation of nanoparticles at the site of a tumor, tumor heterogeneity...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321075/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30340364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040193 |
_version_ | 1783385355713511424 |
---|---|
author | Su, Yu-Lin Hu, Shang-Hsiu |
author_facet | Su, Yu-Lin Hu, Shang-Hsiu |
author_sort | Su, Yu-Lin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Theranostic nanoparticles recently received great interest for uniting unique functions to amplify therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Despite the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which amplifies the accumulation of nanoparticles at the site of a tumor, tumor heterogeneity caused by the dense extracellular matrix of growing cancer cells and the interstitial fluid pressure from abnormal angiogenesis in the tumor inhibit drug/particle penetration, leading to inhomogeneous and limited treatments. Therefore, nanoparticles for penetrated delivery should be designed with different strategies to enhance efficacy. Many strategies were developed to overcome the obstacles in cancer therapy, and they can be divided into three main parts: size changeability, ligand functionalization, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the results of ameliorated tumor penetration approaches and amplified therapeutic efficacy in nanomedicines. As the references reveal, further study needs to be conducted with comprehensive strategies with broad applicability and potential translational development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6321075 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63210752019-01-11 Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics Su, Yu-Lin Hu, Shang-Hsiu Pharmaceutics Review Theranostic nanoparticles recently received great interest for uniting unique functions to amplify therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Despite the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which amplifies the accumulation of nanoparticles at the site of a tumor, tumor heterogeneity caused by the dense extracellular matrix of growing cancer cells and the interstitial fluid pressure from abnormal angiogenesis in the tumor inhibit drug/particle penetration, leading to inhomogeneous and limited treatments. Therefore, nanoparticles for penetrated delivery should be designed with different strategies to enhance efficacy. Many strategies were developed to overcome the obstacles in cancer therapy, and they can be divided into three main parts: size changeability, ligand functionalization, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the results of ameliorated tumor penetration approaches and amplified therapeutic efficacy in nanomedicines. As the references reveal, further study needs to be conducted with comprehensive strategies with broad applicability and potential translational development. MDPI 2018-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6321075/ /pubmed/30340364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040193 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Su, Yu-Lin Hu, Shang-Hsiu Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title | Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title_full | Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title_fullStr | Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title_short | Functional Nanoparticles for Tumor Penetration of Therapeutics |
title_sort | functional nanoparticles for tumor penetration of therapeutics |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321075/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30340364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040193 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT suyulin functionalnanoparticlesfortumorpenetrationoftherapeutics AT hushanghsiu functionalnanoparticlesfortumorpenetrationoftherapeutics |