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Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis

In marine invertebrates, the modes of development at early stages are related to the type and capacity of larval feeding to achieve growth. Therefore, studying the factors that determine larval feeding strategies can help to understand the diversity of life histories and evolution of marine inverteb...

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Autores principales: Doherty-Weason, Daniel, Oyarzun, Fernanda X., Vera, Luciano, Bascur, Miguel, Guzmán, Fabián, Silva, Francisco, Urzúa, Ángel, Brante, Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30631649
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6151
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author Doherty-Weason, Daniel
Oyarzun, Fernanda X.
Vera, Luciano
Bascur, Miguel
Guzmán, Fabián
Silva, Francisco
Urzúa, Ángel
Brante, Antonio
author_facet Doherty-Weason, Daniel
Oyarzun, Fernanda X.
Vera, Luciano
Bascur, Miguel
Guzmán, Fabián
Silva, Francisco
Urzúa, Ángel
Brante, Antonio
author_sort Doherty-Weason, Daniel
collection PubMed
description In marine invertebrates, the modes of development at early stages are related to the type and capacity of larval feeding to achieve growth. Therefore, studying the factors that determine larval feeding strategies can help to understand the diversity of life histories and evolution of marine invertebrates. The polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis is a poecilogonous species that encapsulates and incubates its offspring. This species produces two types of larvae: (1) larvae that do not feed within the capsule and hatch as planktotrophic larvae (indirect development), and (2) adelphophagic larvae that feed on nurse eggs and other larvae inside the capsule to hatch as advanced larvae or juveniles (direct development). Otherwise, the larval types are indistinguishable at the same stage of development. The non-apparent morphological differences between both types of larvae suggest that other factors are influencing their feeding behavior. This work studied the potential role of the activity of 19 digestive enzymes on the different feeding capacities of planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae of B. wellingtonensis. Also, differences in larval feeding structures and the larval capacity to feed from intracapsular fluid were evaluated by electron and fluorescence microscopy. Results showed that both types of larvae present similar feeding structures and had the capacity to ingest intracapsular fluid protein. Adelphophagic larvae showed overall the highest activities of digestive enzymes. Significant differences between larval types were observed in nine enzymes related to the use of internal and external nutritional sources. Given that larval feeding is closely related to larval development in species with encapsulation, this work supports that the study of the digestive enzymatic machinery of larvae may contribute to understanding the evolution of developmental modes.
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spelling pubmed-63224842019-01-10 Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis Doherty-Weason, Daniel Oyarzun, Fernanda X. Vera, Luciano Bascur, Miguel Guzmán, Fabián Silva, Francisco Urzúa, Ángel Brante, Antonio PeerJ Evolutionary Studies In marine invertebrates, the modes of development at early stages are related to the type and capacity of larval feeding to achieve growth. Therefore, studying the factors that determine larval feeding strategies can help to understand the diversity of life histories and evolution of marine invertebrates. The polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis is a poecilogonous species that encapsulates and incubates its offspring. This species produces two types of larvae: (1) larvae that do not feed within the capsule and hatch as planktotrophic larvae (indirect development), and (2) adelphophagic larvae that feed on nurse eggs and other larvae inside the capsule to hatch as advanced larvae or juveniles (direct development). Otherwise, the larval types are indistinguishable at the same stage of development. The non-apparent morphological differences between both types of larvae suggest that other factors are influencing their feeding behavior. This work studied the potential role of the activity of 19 digestive enzymes on the different feeding capacities of planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae of B. wellingtonensis. Also, differences in larval feeding structures and the larval capacity to feed from intracapsular fluid were evaluated by electron and fluorescence microscopy. Results showed that both types of larvae present similar feeding structures and had the capacity to ingest intracapsular fluid protein. Adelphophagic larvae showed overall the highest activities of digestive enzymes. Significant differences between larval types were observed in nine enzymes related to the use of internal and external nutritional sources. Given that larval feeding is closely related to larval development in species with encapsulation, this work supports that the study of the digestive enzymatic machinery of larvae may contribute to understanding the evolution of developmental modes. PeerJ Inc. 2019-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6322484/ /pubmed/30631649 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6151 Text en ©2019 Doherty-Weason et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Evolutionary Studies
Doherty-Weason, Daniel
Oyarzun, Fernanda X.
Vera, Luciano
Bascur, Miguel
Guzmán, Fabián
Silva, Francisco
Urzúa, Ángel
Brante, Antonio
Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title_full Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title_fullStr Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title_full_unstemmed Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title_short Role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis
title_sort role of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete boccardia wellingtonensis
topic Evolutionary Studies
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30631649
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6151
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