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Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems
The objective of this study was to characterize the normal microbiome of healthy canine vagina and endometrium and to determine the effect of the stage of estrous, on the resident microbiome. Cranial vaginal swabs and uterine biopsy samples were collected from twenty-five bitches in five different s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322750/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30615657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210157 |
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author | Lyman, C. C. Holyoak, G. R. Meinkoth, K. Wieneke, X. Chillemi, K. A. DeSilva, U. |
author_facet | Lyman, C. C. Holyoak, G. R. Meinkoth, K. Wieneke, X. Chillemi, K. A. DeSilva, U. |
author_sort | Lyman, C. C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this study was to characterize the normal microbiome of healthy canine vagina and endometrium and to determine the effect of the stage of estrous, on the resident microbiome. Cranial vaginal swabs and uterine biopsy samples were collected from twenty-five bitches in five different stages of estrous at elective ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Over 4 million reads of the V4 region of 16S rDNA gene were obtained and used for further analyses. A total of 317 genera belonging to 24 known phyla were identified. The endometrium was higher in bacterial diversity while the vagina was higher in richness. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most abundant phyla observed across all samples. Hydrotalea, Ralstonia, and Fusobacterium accounted for nearly 60% of the OTUs identified in the vagina while organisms identified in the endometrium were more evenly distributed. Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium were the prominent genera in the endometrium. The microbiome of the endometrium was distinctly different from that of the vagina. There was large animal-to-animal variation. Other than the vaginal microbiome of bitches in estrus (i.e. in heat), there were no distinct clustering of the organisms based on the stage of estrous. These findings establish the presence of a resident microbiome of the endometrium throughout all stages of estrous cycle. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6322750 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63227502019-01-19 Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems Lyman, C. C. Holyoak, G. R. Meinkoth, K. Wieneke, X. Chillemi, K. A. DeSilva, U. PLoS One Research Article The objective of this study was to characterize the normal microbiome of healthy canine vagina and endometrium and to determine the effect of the stage of estrous, on the resident microbiome. Cranial vaginal swabs and uterine biopsy samples were collected from twenty-five bitches in five different stages of estrous at elective ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Over 4 million reads of the V4 region of 16S rDNA gene were obtained and used for further analyses. A total of 317 genera belonging to 24 known phyla were identified. The endometrium was higher in bacterial diversity while the vagina was higher in richness. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most abundant phyla observed across all samples. Hydrotalea, Ralstonia, and Fusobacterium accounted for nearly 60% of the OTUs identified in the vagina while organisms identified in the endometrium were more evenly distributed. Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium were the prominent genera in the endometrium. The microbiome of the endometrium was distinctly different from that of the vagina. There was large animal-to-animal variation. Other than the vaginal microbiome of bitches in estrus (i.e. in heat), there were no distinct clustering of the organisms based on the stage of estrous. These findings establish the presence of a resident microbiome of the endometrium throughout all stages of estrous cycle. Public Library of Science 2019-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6322750/ /pubmed/30615657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210157 Text en © 2019 Lyman et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lyman, C. C. Holyoak, G. R. Meinkoth, K. Wieneke, X. Chillemi, K. A. DeSilva, U. Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title | Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title_full | Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title_fullStr | Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed | Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title_short | Canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
title_sort | canine endometrial and vaginal microbiomes reveal distinct and complex ecosystems |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322750/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30615657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210157 |
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