Superficial Venous Dilatation Induced by Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Nerve Block in Vascular Access Surgery

Objectives: We aim to assess the effect and significance of ultrasound-guided axillary nerve block on the diameter of basilic vein in vascular access surgery. Methods: 78 consecutive patients who underwent vascular access surgery with ultrasound-guided axillary nerve block were studied retrospectively. Diameter of basilic vein at the elbow level before and after the nerve block were measured and the dilatation rate was also calculated to assess the effect of nerve block on venous diameter. Results: Basilic vein diameter increased from 3.0±1.1 mm before the block to 4.1±1.2 mm after the block (p<0.001). Mean dilatation rate was 143±34%. The dilatation rate was inversely correlated with venous diameter before the block (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided axillary nerve block induces significant basilic venous dilatation and that make the anastomotic procedure involving basilic vein possible, or much easier. This anesthetic technique was considered to be an effective option in vascular access surgery. (This is a translation of Jpn J Vasc Surg 2017; 26: 235–239.)