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The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the placebo effect on the endurance capacity results in normal weight children. METHODS: Twenty-four pre-pubertal normal-weight children aged 6–13 years participated in the study. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurements (weight,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6327389/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30630461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1394-x |
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author | Fanti-Oren, Shira Birenbaum-Carmeli, Daphna Eliakim, Alon Pantanowitz, Michal Nemet, Dan |
author_facet | Fanti-Oren, Shira Birenbaum-Carmeli, Daphna Eliakim, Alon Pantanowitz, Michal Nemet, Dan |
author_sort | Fanti-Oren, Shira |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the placebo effect on the endurance capacity results in normal weight children. METHODS: Twenty-four pre-pubertal normal-weight children aged 6–13 years participated in the study. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI percentile, and fat percentage), a progressive treadmill exercise test to evaluate endurance capacity, and filled habitual activity questionnaire. The participants were examined twice, in a random order, with each child being compared to him/herself. Different types of information were provided regarding a water drink consumed prior to testing- standard information (water) vs. deliberate positive information (presumed energy drink, placebo). RESULTS: Following the placebo drink, children demonstrated significantly higher peak pulse (177.9 ± 13.6 vs. 189.8 ± 12.2 bpm), higher stage achieved and longer time of exercise to exhaustion (700.1 ± 155.2 vs. 893.3 ± 150.1 s). Although the exercise duration was longer, stage and heart rate achieved were higher, the reported average, and peak rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were significantly lower for the placebo (18.3 ± 1.4 vs 16.2 ± 1.5). Although the effort was higher while drinking placebo (longer run, higher exercise phase, higher heart rate), recovery time was significantly shorter. The reported differences were not associated with order of tests, age, gender or child activity level. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate a significant information placebo effect on children’s endurance capacity test results. This highlights the possible role of positive information (placebo) in trying to encourage physical activity in children. Whether this effect could be applied to longer-term interventions has yet to be tested. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT03165604, Registered May 24, 2017. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6327389 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63273892019-01-15 The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial Fanti-Oren, Shira Birenbaum-Carmeli, Daphna Eliakim, Alon Pantanowitz, Michal Nemet, Dan BMC Pediatr Research Article BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the placebo effect on the endurance capacity results in normal weight children. METHODS: Twenty-four pre-pubertal normal-weight children aged 6–13 years participated in the study. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI percentile, and fat percentage), a progressive treadmill exercise test to evaluate endurance capacity, and filled habitual activity questionnaire. The participants were examined twice, in a random order, with each child being compared to him/herself. Different types of information were provided regarding a water drink consumed prior to testing- standard information (water) vs. deliberate positive information (presumed energy drink, placebo). RESULTS: Following the placebo drink, children demonstrated significantly higher peak pulse (177.9 ± 13.6 vs. 189.8 ± 12.2 bpm), higher stage achieved and longer time of exercise to exhaustion (700.1 ± 155.2 vs. 893.3 ± 150.1 s). Although the exercise duration was longer, stage and heart rate achieved were higher, the reported average, and peak rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were significantly lower for the placebo (18.3 ± 1.4 vs 16.2 ± 1.5). Although the effort was higher while drinking placebo (longer run, higher exercise phase, higher heart rate), recovery time was significantly shorter. The reported differences were not associated with order of tests, age, gender or child activity level. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate a significant information placebo effect on children’s endurance capacity test results. This highlights the possible role of positive information (placebo) in trying to encourage physical activity in children. Whether this effect could be applied to longer-term interventions has yet to be tested. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT03165604, Registered May 24, 2017. BioMed Central 2019-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6327389/ /pubmed/30630461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1394-x Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Fanti-Oren, Shira Birenbaum-Carmeli, Daphna Eliakim, Alon Pantanowitz, Michal Nemet, Dan The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title | The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title_full | The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title_fullStr | The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title_full_unstemmed | The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title_short | The effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
title_sort | effect of placebo on endurance capacity in normal weight children – a randomized trial |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6327389/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30630461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1394-x |
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