Circulating miR-1290 and miR-320d as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers of Human Colorectal Cancer

Background: The lack of screening methods with high diagnostic utility leads to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients usually diagnosed in advanced stages which results in high mortality. This study aimed to identify novel circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. Materials and Methods: Total 205 participants were enrolled in this study. First, two dysregulated candidate miRNAs were selected after integrated analysis of four GEO datasets. Then, the expression of these two miRNAs in plasma samples were tested through qRT-PCR. Training phase and validation phase were designed to verify the diagnostic value of these two miRNAs using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Results: After integrated analysis of GEO datasets, we discovered miR-1290 and miR-320d were dysregulated in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissues, and circulating miR-1290 and miR-320d in CRC patients were tumor-derived. Thereafter, circulating miR-1290 and miR-320d were selected to further investigate their potential for early diagnosis of CRC. Plasma miR-1290 expression could differentiate adenoma and CRC patients from healthy controls with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 and 0.88. Similarly, plasma miR-320d expression could discriminate adenoma and CRC patients from healthy controls with AUC of 0.74 and 0.81. Conclusions: Circulating miR-1290 and miR-320d are novel promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of CRC.