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Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction
BACKGROUND: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the recommended 2-step rapid antigen detection test (RADT) with confirmatory culture vs the point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Roche cobas® Liat® Strep A test for detection of group A Streptococcus (GAS) in pediatric patients...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6335697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30651115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1393-y |
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author | Rao, Arundhati Berg, Bradley Quezada, Theresa Fader, Robert Walker, Kimberly Tang, Shaowu Cowen, Ula Duncan, Dana Sickler, Joanna |
author_facet | Rao, Arundhati Berg, Bradley Quezada, Theresa Fader, Robert Walker, Kimberly Tang, Shaowu Cowen, Ula Duncan, Dana Sickler, Joanna |
author_sort | Rao, Arundhati |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the recommended 2-step rapid antigen detection test (RADT) with confirmatory culture vs the point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Roche cobas® Liat® Strep A test for detection of group A Streptococcus (GAS) in pediatric patients with pharyngitis, and to investigate the impact of these tests on antibiotic use in a large pediatric clinic. METHODS: This prospective, open-label study was conducted at a single site during fall/winter 2016–2017. A total of 275 patients aged 3 to 18 years with symptoms of pharyngitis had a throat-swab specimen analyzed using RADT, POC PCR, and culture. The sensitivity, specificity, and percentage agreement (95% CI) between assays and a laboratory-based nucleic acid amplification test were calculated. DNA sequencing was used to adjudicate discrepancies. The RADT or POC PCR result was provided to clinicians on alternating weeks to compare the impact on antibiotic use. RESULTS: A total of 255 samples were evaluated; 110 (43.1%) were GAS positive. Sensitivities (95% CI) for POC PCR, RADT, and culture were 95.5% (89.7–98.5%), 85.5% (77.5–1.5%), and 71.8% (62.4–80.0%), respectively. Specificities (95% CI) for POC PCR, RADT, and culture were 99.3% (96.2–99.98%), 93.7% (88.5–97.1%), and 100% (97.5–100%), respectively. Compared with RADT, POC PCR resulted in significantly greater appropriate antibiotic use (97.1% vs 87.5%; P = .0065). CONCLUSION: Under real-world conditions, RADT results were less specific and culture results were less sensitive than found in established literature and led to increased rates of inappropriate antibiotic use. POC PCR had high sensitivity and specificity and rapid turnaround times, and led to more appropriate antibiotic use. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID number ISRCTN84562679. Registered October 162,018, retrospectively registered. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6335697 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63356972019-01-23 Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction Rao, Arundhati Berg, Bradley Quezada, Theresa Fader, Robert Walker, Kimberly Tang, Shaowu Cowen, Ula Duncan, Dana Sickler, Joanna BMC Pediatr Research Article BACKGROUND: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the recommended 2-step rapid antigen detection test (RADT) with confirmatory culture vs the point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Roche cobas® Liat® Strep A test for detection of group A Streptococcus (GAS) in pediatric patients with pharyngitis, and to investigate the impact of these tests on antibiotic use in a large pediatric clinic. METHODS: This prospective, open-label study was conducted at a single site during fall/winter 2016–2017. A total of 275 patients aged 3 to 18 years with symptoms of pharyngitis had a throat-swab specimen analyzed using RADT, POC PCR, and culture. The sensitivity, specificity, and percentage agreement (95% CI) between assays and a laboratory-based nucleic acid amplification test were calculated. DNA sequencing was used to adjudicate discrepancies. The RADT or POC PCR result was provided to clinicians on alternating weeks to compare the impact on antibiotic use. RESULTS: A total of 255 samples were evaluated; 110 (43.1%) were GAS positive. Sensitivities (95% CI) for POC PCR, RADT, and culture were 95.5% (89.7–98.5%), 85.5% (77.5–1.5%), and 71.8% (62.4–80.0%), respectively. Specificities (95% CI) for POC PCR, RADT, and culture were 99.3% (96.2–99.98%), 93.7% (88.5–97.1%), and 100% (97.5–100%), respectively. Compared with RADT, POC PCR resulted in significantly greater appropriate antibiotic use (97.1% vs 87.5%; P = .0065). CONCLUSION: Under real-world conditions, RADT results were less specific and culture results were less sensitive than found in established literature and led to increased rates of inappropriate antibiotic use. POC PCR had high sensitivity and specificity and rapid turnaround times, and led to more appropriate antibiotic use. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID number ISRCTN84562679. Registered October 162,018, retrospectively registered. BioMed Central 2019-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6335697/ /pubmed/30651115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1393-y Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rao, Arundhati Berg, Bradley Quezada, Theresa Fader, Robert Walker, Kimberly Tang, Shaowu Cowen, Ula Duncan, Dana Sickler, Joanna Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title | Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title_full | Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title_fullStr | Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title_full_unstemmed | Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title_short | Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
title_sort | diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis in children in a primary care setting: impact of point-of-care polymerase chain reaction |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6335697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30651115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1393-y |
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