Cargando…
Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers
While intensive efforts are made to prepare carbon fiber reinforced plastics from renewable sources, less emphasis is directed towards elaborating green approaches for carbon fiber surface modification to improve the interfacial adhesion in these composites. In this study, we covalently attach ligni...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30621362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010159 |
_version_ | 1783388164488953856 |
---|---|
author | Szabó, László Imanishi, Sari Tetsuo, Fujie Hirose, Daisuke Ueda, Hisai Tsukegi, Takayuki Ninomiya, Kazuaki Takahashi, Kenji |
author_facet | Szabó, László Imanishi, Sari Tetsuo, Fujie Hirose, Daisuke Ueda, Hisai Tsukegi, Takayuki Ninomiya, Kazuaki Takahashi, Kenji |
author_sort | Szabó, László |
collection | PubMed |
description | While intensive efforts are made to prepare carbon fiber reinforced plastics from renewable sources, less emphasis is directed towards elaborating green approaches for carbon fiber surface modification to improve the interfacial adhesion in these composites. In this study, we covalently attach lignin, a renewable feedstock, to a graphitic surface for the first time. The covalent bond is established via aromatic anchoring groups with amine functions taking part in a nucleophilic displacement reaction with a tosylated lignin derivative. The successful grafting procedures were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Both fragmentation and microdroplet tests were conducted to evaluate the interfacial shear strength of lignin coated carbon fiber samples embedded in a green cellulose propionate matrix and in a commercially used epoxy resin. The microdroplet test showed ~27% and ~65% increases in interfacial shear strength for the epoxy and cellulose propionate matrix, respectively. For the epoxy matrix covalent bond, it is expected to form with lignin, while for the cellulosic matrix hydrogen bond formation might take place; furthermore, plastisizing effects are also considered. Our study opens the gates for utilizing lignin coating to improve the shear tolerance of innovative composites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6337094 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63370942019-01-22 Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Szabó, László Imanishi, Sari Tetsuo, Fujie Hirose, Daisuke Ueda, Hisai Tsukegi, Takayuki Ninomiya, Kazuaki Takahashi, Kenji Materials (Basel) Communication While intensive efforts are made to prepare carbon fiber reinforced plastics from renewable sources, less emphasis is directed towards elaborating green approaches for carbon fiber surface modification to improve the interfacial adhesion in these composites. In this study, we covalently attach lignin, a renewable feedstock, to a graphitic surface for the first time. The covalent bond is established via aromatic anchoring groups with amine functions taking part in a nucleophilic displacement reaction with a tosylated lignin derivative. The successful grafting procedures were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Both fragmentation and microdroplet tests were conducted to evaluate the interfacial shear strength of lignin coated carbon fiber samples embedded in a green cellulose propionate matrix and in a commercially used epoxy resin. The microdroplet test showed ~27% and ~65% increases in interfacial shear strength for the epoxy and cellulose propionate matrix, respectively. For the epoxy matrix covalent bond, it is expected to form with lignin, while for the cellulosic matrix hydrogen bond formation might take place; furthermore, plastisizing effects are also considered. Our study opens the gates for utilizing lignin coating to improve the shear tolerance of innovative composites. MDPI 2019-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6337094/ /pubmed/30621362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010159 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Szabó, László Imanishi, Sari Tetsuo, Fujie Hirose, Daisuke Ueda, Hisai Tsukegi, Takayuki Ninomiya, Kazuaki Takahashi, Kenji Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title | Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title_full | Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title_fullStr | Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title_full_unstemmed | Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title_short | Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers |
title_sort | lignin as a functional green coating on carbon fiber surface to improve interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber reinforced polymers |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30621362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010159 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT szabolaszlo ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT imanishisari ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT tetsuofujie ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT hirosedaisuke ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT uedahisai ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT tsukegitakayuki ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT ninomiyakazuaki ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers AT takahashikenji ligninasafunctionalgreencoatingoncarbonfibersurfacetoimproveinterfacialadhesionincarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers |