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Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the majority of individuals with mental illnesses (MIs) do not seek help. Few studies have focused on correlates of a positive attitude toward professional help-seeking for MI. This study aimed to determine levels of knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward M...

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Autores principales: Abolfotouh, Mostafa A, Almutairi, Adel F, Almutairi, Zainab, Salam, Mahmoud, Alhashem, Anwar, Adlan, Abdallah A, Modayfer, Omar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6338115/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30679929
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S191676
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author Abolfotouh, Mostafa A
Almutairi, Adel F
Almutairi, Zainab
Salam, Mahmoud
Alhashem, Anwar
Adlan, Abdallah A
Modayfer, Omar
author_facet Abolfotouh, Mostafa A
Almutairi, Adel F
Almutairi, Zainab
Salam, Mahmoud
Alhashem, Anwar
Adlan, Abdallah A
Modayfer, Omar
author_sort Abolfotouh, Mostafa A
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the majority of individuals with mental illnesses (MIs) do not seek help. Few studies have focused on correlates of a positive attitude toward professional help-seeking for MI. This study aimed to determine levels of knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward MI, determine attitudes toward mental health help-seeking, and identify sociodemographic predictors of correct knowledge and favorable attitudes among the Saudi public. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 650 Saudi adults aged >18 years who attended the Saudi Jenadriyah annual cultural and heritage festival during February 2016. The previously validated Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire was used. Attitude to professional help-seeking was also assessed, using a tool retrieved from the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview part II. Multiple regression analyses were applied, and statistical significance considered at P<0.05. RESULTS: The majority of the Saudi public reported lack of knowledge about the nature of MI (87.5%, percentage mean score [PMS] 45.02±19.98), negative perception (59%, PMS 59.76±9.16), negative attitudes to MI (66.5%, PMS 65.86±7.77), and negative attitudes to professional help-seeking (54.5%, PMS 62.45±8.54). Marital status was a predictor of knowledge (t=−3.12, P=0.002), attitudes to MI (t=2.93, P=0.003), and attitudes to help-seeking (t=2.20, P=0.03). Attitudes to help-seeking were also predicted by sex (t=−2.72, P=0.007), employment (t=3.05, P=0.002), and monthly income (t=2.79, P=0.005). Perceptions toward the mentally ill were not predicted by these socioeconomic characteristics (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The Saudi public reported lack of knowledge of MI and stigmatizing attitudes toward people with MI in relation to treatment, work, marriage, and recovery and toward professional help-seeking. Sociodemographic characteristics predicted correct knowledge and favorable attitudes, while Saudi culture was the likely factor behind negative judgments about mentally ill persons. Efforts to challenge this negative publicity and stigma through antistigma campaigns and public education through schools and media are recommended.
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spelling pubmed-63381152019-01-24 Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates Abolfotouh, Mostafa A Almutairi, Adel F Almutairi, Zainab Salam, Mahmoud Alhashem, Anwar Adlan, Abdallah A Modayfer, Omar Psychol Res Behav Manag Original Research BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the majority of individuals with mental illnesses (MIs) do not seek help. Few studies have focused on correlates of a positive attitude toward professional help-seeking for MI. This study aimed to determine levels of knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward MI, determine attitudes toward mental health help-seeking, and identify sociodemographic predictors of correct knowledge and favorable attitudes among the Saudi public. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 650 Saudi adults aged >18 years who attended the Saudi Jenadriyah annual cultural and heritage festival during February 2016. The previously validated Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire was used. Attitude to professional help-seeking was also assessed, using a tool retrieved from the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview part II. Multiple regression analyses were applied, and statistical significance considered at P<0.05. RESULTS: The majority of the Saudi public reported lack of knowledge about the nature of MI (87.5%, percentage mean score [PMS] 45.02±19.98), negative perception (59%, PMS 59.76±9.16), negative attitudes to MI (66.5%, PMS 65.86±7.77), and negative attitudes to professional help-seeking (54.5%, PMS 62.45±8.54). Marital status was a predictor of knowledge (t=−3.12, P=0.002), attitudes to MI (t=2.93, P=0.003), and attitudes to help-seeking (t=2.20, P=0.03). Attitudes to help-seeking were also predicted by sex (t=−2.72, P=0.007), employment (t=3.05, P=0.002), and monthly income (t=2.79, P=0.005). Perceptions toward the mentally ill were not predicted by these socioeconomic characteristics (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The Saudi public reported lack of knowledge of MI and stigmatizing attitudes toward people with MI in relation to treatment, work, marriage, and recovery and toward professional help-seeking. Sociodemographic characteristics predicted correct knowledge and favorable attitudes, while Saudi culture was the likely factor behind negative judgments about mentally ill persons. Efforts to challenge this negative publicity and stigma through antistigma campaigns and public education through schools and media are recommended. Dove Medical Press 2019-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6338115/ /pubmed/30679929 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S191676 Text en © 2019 Abolfotouh et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Original Research
Abolfotouh, Mostafa A
Almutairi, Adel F
Almutairi, Zainab
Salam, Mahmoud
Alhashem, Anwar
Adlan, Abdallah A
Modayfer, Omar
Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title_full Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title_fullStr Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title_full_unstemmed Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title_short Attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the Saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
title_sort attitudes toward mental illness, mentally ill persons, and help-seeking among the saudi public and sociodemographic correlates
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6338115/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30679929
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S191676
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