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CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases

Plant pathogens like virus, bacteria, and fungi incur a huge loss of global productivity. Targeting the dominant R gene resulted in the evolution of resistance in pathogens, which shifted plant pathologists’ attention toward host susceptibility factors (or S genes). Herein, the application of sequen...

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Autores principales: Das, Ayan, Sharma, Namisha, Prasad, Manoj
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6341021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30697226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.02008
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author Das, Ayan
Sharma, Namisha
Prasad, Manoj
author_facet Das, Ayan
Sharma, Namisha
Prasad, Manoj
author_sort Das, Ayan
collection PubMed
description Plant pathogens like virus, bacteria, and fungi incur a huge loss of global productivity. Targeting the dominant R gene resulted in the evolution of resistance in pathogens, which shifted plant pathologists’ attention toward host susceptibility factors (or S genes). Herein, the application of sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) for targeted genome editing are gaining more importance, which utilize the use of meganucleases (MN), zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALEN) with the latest one namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). The first generation of genome editing technologies, due to their cumbersome nature, is becoming obsolete. Owing to its simple and inexpensive nature the use of CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized targeted genome editing technology. CRISPR/Cas9 system has been exploited for developing resistance against virus, bacteria, and fungi. For resistance to DNA viruses (mainly single-stranded DNA viruses), different parts of the viral genome have been targeted transiently and by the development of transgenic plants. For RNA viruses, mainly the host susceptibility factors and very recently the viral RNA genome itself have been targeted. Fungal and bacterial resistance has been achieved mainly by targeting the host susceptibility genes through the development of transgenics. In spite of these successes CRISPR/Cas9 system suffers from off-targeting. This and other problems associated with this system are being tackled by the continuous discovery/evolution of new variants. Finally, the regulatory standpoint regarding CRISPR/Cas9 will determine the fate of using this versatile tool in developing pathogen resistance in crop plants.
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spelling pubmed-63410212019-01-29 CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases Das, Ayan Sharma, Namisha Prasad, Manoj Front Plant Sci Plant Science Plant pathogens like virus, bacteria, and fungi incur a huge loss of global productivity. Targeting the dominant R gene resulted in the evolution of resistance in pathogens, which shifted plant pathologists’ attention toward host susceptibility factors (or S genes). Herein, the application of sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) for targeted genome editing are gaining more importance, which utilize the use of meganucleases (MN), zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALEN) with the latest one namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). The first generation of genome editing technologies, due to their cumbersome nature, is becoming obsolete. Owing to its simple and inexpensive nature the use of CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized targeted genome editing technology. CRISPR/Cas9 system has been exploited for developing resistance against virus, bacteria, and fungi. For resistance to DNA viruses (mainly single-stranded DNA viruses), different parts of the viral genome have been targeted transiently and by the development of transgenic plants. For RNA viruses, mainly the host susceptibility factors and very recently the viral RNA genome itself have been targeted. Fungal and bacterial resistance has been achieved mainly by targeting the host susceptibility genes through the development of transgenics. In spite of these successes CRISPR/Cas9 system suffers from off-targeting. This and other problems associated with this system are being tackled by the continuous discovery/evolution of new variants. Finally, the regulatory standpoint regarding CRISPR/Cas9 will determine the fate of using this versatile tool in developing pathogen resistance in crop plants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6341021/ /pubmed/30697226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.02008 Text en Copyright © 2019 Das, Sharma and Prasad. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Das, Ayan
Sharma, Namisha
Prasad, Manoj
CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title_full CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title_fullStr CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title_full_unstemmed CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title_short CRISPR/Cas9: A Novel Weapon in the Arsenal to Combat Plant Diseases
title_sort crispr/cas9: a novel weapon in the arsenal to combat plant diseases
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6341021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30697226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.02008
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