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Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York

Gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are phytophagous insects that often go unnoticed; however, when they are introduced to a new area or released from their natural enemies, they have the capacity to outbreak and cause extensive foliar damage. One such outbreaking pest, Zapatella davisae (Cynipidae:...

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Autores principales: Davis, Monica J., Andersen, Jeremy C., Elkinton, Joseph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6342127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30680092
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4543
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author Davis, Monica J.
Andersen, Jeremy C.
Elkinton, Joseph
author_facet Davis, Monica J.
Andersen, Jeremy C.
Elkinton, Joseph
author_sort Davis, Monica J.
collection PubMed
description Gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are phytophagous insects that often go unnoticed; however, when they are introduced to a new area or released from their natural enemies, they have the capacity to outbreak and cause extensive foliar damage. One such outbreaking pest, Zapatella davisae (Cynipidae: Cynipini), causes significant damage and mortality to black oak, Quercus velutina, in the northeastern United States. In this study, we aimed to identify the parasitoid community associated with Z. davisae, compare differences in percent parasitism of Z. davisae in Cape Cod and Long Island, and determine which parasitoid species contribute most to parasitism in each region. From both locations, we reared parasitoids, identified morphological groups, analyzed percent parasitism rates for each group, and used DNA barcoding to provide species‐level identifications. On Long Island, there was nearly 100% parasitism in 2015 followed by a near total collapse of the population in 2016. In contrast, parasitism rates were lower and remained consistent on Cape Cod between 2015 and 2016, which may explain the greater canopy damage observed in that region. Species of Sycophila were the dominant parasitoids, with one species Sycophila nr. novascotiae representing ~65% of reared parasitoids from Long Island, and two species of Sycophila (S. nr. novascotiae and S. foliatae) with near equal representations on Cape Cod. In order to manage an insect pest, it is important to understand factors that influence its mortality and survival. An understanding of how these infestations progress overtime can help predict the impact that newer infestations in Nantucket, MA, and coastal Rhode Island will have on black oak populations and will aid in the management of this rapidly spreading gall wasp pest.
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spelling pubmed-63421272019-01-24 Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York Davis, Monica J. Andersen, Jeremy C. Elkinton, Joseph Ecol Evol Original Research Gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are phytophagous insects that often go unnoticed; however, when they are introduced to a new area or released from their natural enemies, they have the capacity to outbreak and cause extensive foliar damage. One such outbreaking pest, Zapatella davisae (Cynipidae: Cynipini), causes significant damage and mortality to black oak, Quercus velutina, in the northeastern United States. In this study, we aimed to identify the parasitoid community associated with Z. davisae, compare differences in percent parasitism of Z. davisae in Cape Cod and Long Island, and determine which parasitoid species contribute most to parasitism in each region. From both locations, we reared parasitoids, identified morphological groups, analyzed percent parasitism rates for each group, and used DNA barcoding to provide species‐level identifications. On Long Island, there was nearly 100% parasitism in 2015 followed by a near total collapse of the population in 2016. In contrast, parasitism rates were lower and remained consistent on Cape Cod between 2015 and 2016, which may explain the greater canopy damage observed in that region. Species of Sycophila were the dominant parasitoids, with one species Sycophila nr. novascotiae representing ~65% of reared parasitoids from Long Island, and two species of Sycophila (S. nr. novascotiae and S. foliatae) with near equal representations on Cape Cod. In order to manage an insect pest, it is important to understand factors that influence its mortality and survival. An understanding of how these infestations progress overtime can help predict the impact that newer infestations in Nantucket, MA, and coastal Rhode Island will have on black oak populations and will aid in the management of this rapidly spreading gall wasp pest. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6342127/ /pubmed/30680092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4543 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Davis, Monica J.
Andersen, Jeremy C.
Elkinton, Joseph
Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title_full Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title_fullStr Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title_full_unstemmed Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title_short Identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, Zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in New England and Long Island, New York
title_sort identification of the parasitoid community associated with an outbreaking gall wasp, zapatella davisae, and their relative abundances in new england and long island, new york
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6342127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30680092
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4543
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