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Nicotine dependence as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in the National Lung Screening Trial
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis and COPD are systemic inflammatory diseases that share common risk factors including cigarette smoking. A high level of nicotine dependence is emerging as a recently identified risk factor for pulmonary impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tobacco-related...
Autores principales: | Zhu, Junjia, Nelson, Kevin, Toth, Jennifer, Muscat, Joshua E. |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6343324/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30669994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6419-8 |
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