Ropivacaine for Intercostal Nerve Block Improves Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients Following Thoracotomy for Esophageal Cancer

BACKGROUND: Ropivacaine is commonly used as an intercostal nerve block, but its effects on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) have not previously been investigated. This study aimed to examine the effects of the use of ropivacaine as an intercostal nerve block on early POCD, postoperative analgesia, and inflammation in patients following thoracotomy for esophageal cancer. MATERIAL/METHODS: One hundred patients with esophageal cancer undergoing thoracotomy were randomly divided into a group with intercostal nerve block (group A) (n=50) and a control group (group B) (n=50). The cognitive function score and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain were measured at one hour before surgery (T1), two hours after surgery (T2), 12 hours after surgery (T3), and 24 hours after surgery (T4). Blood samples were collected at each time point, and plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10, and S100-β were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cognitive function was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale. RESULTS: The VAS scores in group A were significantly lower compared with group B (p<0.05). In the T2, T3, and T4 time points, group A had significantly increased MMSE scores compared with group B (p<0.05). Compared with group B, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in group A at T3 and T4 (p<0.05), while the levels of IL-10 were significantly increased (p<0.05) when compared with group A. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the intercostal nerve block, ropivacaine, improved early PCOD in patients following thoracotomy for esophageal cancer.