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Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations
The phenomenon of change blindness reveals that people are surprisingly poor at detecting unexpected visual changes; however, research on individual differences in detection ability is scarce. Predictive processing accounts of visual perception suggest that better change detection may be linked to a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6345093/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30697440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nc/niy010 |
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author | Andermane, Nora Bosten, Jenny M Seth, Anil K Ward, Jamie |
author_facet | Andermane, Nora Bosten, Jenny M Seth, Anil K Ward, Jamie |
author_sort | Andermane, Nora |
collection | PubMed |
description | The phenomenon of change blindness reveals that people are surprisingly poor at detecting unexpected visual changes; however, research on individual differences in detection ability is scarce. Predictive processing accounts of visual perception suggest that better change detection may be linked to assigning greater weight to prediction error signals, as indexed by an increased alternation rate in perceptual rivalry or greater sensitivity to low-level visual signals. Alternatively, superior detection ability may be associated with robust visual predictions against which sensory changes can be more effectively registered, suggesting an association with high-level mechanisms of visual short-term memory (VSTM) and attention. We administered a battery of 10 measures to explore these predictions and to determine, for the first time, the test–retest reliability of commonly used change detection measures. Change detection performance was stable over time and generalized from displays of static scenes to video clips. An exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors explaining performance across the battery, that we identify as visual stability (loading on change detection, attention measures, VSTM and perceptual rivalry) and visual ability (loading on iconic memory, temporal order judgments and contrast sensitivity). These results highlight the importance of strong, stable representations and the ability to resist distraction, in order to successfully incorporate unexpected changes into the contents of visual awareness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6345093 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63450932019-01-29 Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations Andermane, Nora Bosten, Jenny M Seth, Anil K Ward, Jamie Neurosci Conscious Research Article The phenomenon of change blindness reveals that people are surprisingly poor at detecting unexpected visual changes; however, research on individual differences in detection ability is scarce. Predictive processing accounts of visual perception suggest that better change detection may be linked to assigning greater weight to prediction error signals, as indexed by an increased alternation rate in perceptual rivalry or greater sensitivity to low-level visual signals. Alternatively, superior detection ability may be associated with robust visual predictions against which sensory changes can be more effectively registered, suggesting an association with high-level mechanisms of visual short-term memory (VSTM) and attention. We administered a battery of 10 measures to explore these predictions and to determine, for the first time, the test–retest reliability of commonly used change detection measures. Change detection performance was stable over time and generalized from displays of static scenes to video clips. An exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors explaining performance across the battery, that we identify as visual stability (loading on change detection, attention measures, VSTM and perceptual rivalry) and visual ability (loading on iconic memory, temporal order judgments and contrast sensitivity). These results highlight the importance of strong, stable representations and the ability to resist distraction, in order to successfully incorporate unexpected changes into the contents of visual awareness. Oxford University Press 2019-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6345093/ /pubmed/30697440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nc/niy010 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Research Article Andermane, Nora Bosten, Jenny M Seth, Anil K Ward, Jamie Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title | Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title_full | Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title_fullStr | Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title_full_unstemmed | Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title_short | Individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
title_sort | individual differences in change blindness are predicted by the strength and stability of visual representations |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6345093/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30697440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nc/niy010 |
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