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Rethinking Addiction
Addiction is a complex and challenging condition with many contributing factors. Although addictive behaviors appear to be individual choices, behavior alterations cannot be addressed successfully without considering characteristics of the physical and social environments in which individuals live,...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6348542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30719491 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794X18821943 |
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author | Ewald, D. Rose Strack, Robert W. Orsini, Muhsin Michael |
author_facet | Ewald, D. Rose Strack, Robert W. Orsini, Muhsin Michael |
author_sort | Ewald, D. Rose |
collection | PubMed |
description | Addiction is a complex and challenging condition with many contributing factors. Although addictive behaviors appear to be individual choices, behavior alterations cannot be addressed successfully without considering characteristics of the physical and social environments in which individuals live, work, and play. Exposure to chronic psychosocial stressors and the physiological response of individuals to their external environment activates the brain’s neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with profound conditioning effects on behavior. This brief synopsis describes the social determinants of health; examines the interconnectedness of the psychosocial environment, behavior, and subsequent health outcomes; discusses the environment’s critical influence on brain plasticity, adaptation and functioning; and explores additional factors that complicate adolescent addiction. Because the environment is both a determinant of behavior and an opportunity for intervention, in the context of addictions, it is important to incorporate these factors in the analysis of risk and design of early interventions for prevention and amelioration of addiction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6348542 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63485422019-02-04 Rethinking Addiction Ewald, D. Rose Strack, Robert W. Orsini, Muhsin Michael Glob Pediatr Health Review Addiction is a complex and challenging condition with many contributing factors. Although addictive behaviors appear to be individual choices, behavior alterations cannot be addressed successfully without considering characteristics of the physical and social environments in which individuals live, work, and play. Exposure to chronic psychosocial stressors and the physiological response of individuals to their external environment activates the brain’s neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with profound conditioning effects on behavior. This brief synopsis describes the social determinants of health; examines the interconnectedness of the psychosocial environment, behavior, and subsequent health outcomes; discusses the environment’s critical influence on brain plasticity, adaptation and functioning; and explores additional factors that complicate adolescent addiction. Because the environment is both a determinant of behavior and an opportunity for intervention, in the context of addictions, it is important to incorporate these factors in the analysis of risk and design of early interventions for prevention and amelioration of addiction. SAGE Publications 2019-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6348542/ /pubmed/30719491 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794X18821943 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Ewald, D. Rose Strack, Robert W. Orsini, Muhsin Michael Rethinking Addiction |
title | Rethinking Addiction |
title_full | Rethinking Addiction |
title_fullStr | Rethinking Addiction |
title_full_unstemmed | Rethinking Addiction |
title_short | Rethinking Addiction |
title_sort | rethinking addiction |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6348542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30719491 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794X18821943 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ewalddrose rethinkingaddiction AT strackrobertw rethinkingaddiction AT orsinimuhsinmichael rethinkingaddiction |