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Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Multiscale systems biology and systems pharmacology are powerful methodologies that are playing increasingly important roles in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of biological phenomena and in clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in the applications of agen...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Norton, Kerri-Ann, Gong, Chang, Jamalian, Samira, Popel, Aleksander S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6349239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30701168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010037
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author Norton, Kerri-Ann
Gong, Chang
Jamalian, Samira
Popel, Aleksander S.
author_facet Norton, Kerri-Ann
Gong, Chang
Jamalian, Samira
Popel, Aleksander S.
author_sort Norton, Kerri-Ann
collection PubMed
description Multiscale systems biology and systems pharmacology are powerful methodologies that are playing increasingly important roles in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of biological phenomena and in clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in the applications of agent-based models (ABM) and hybrid modeling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immune response, including immunotherapy. Heterogeneity is a hallmark of cancer; tumor heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular, and tissue scales is a major determinant of metastasis, drug resistance, and low response rate to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Agent-based modeling is an effective methodology to obtain and understand quantitative characteristics of these processes and to propose clinical solutions aimed at overcoming the current obstacles in cancer treatment. We review models focusing on intra-tumor heterogeneity, particularly on interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells, including immune cells, the role of tumor-associated vasculature in the immune response, immune-related tumor mechanobiology, and cancer immunotherapy. We discuss the role of digital pathology in parameterizing and validating spatial computational models and potential applications to therapeutics.
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spelling pubmed-63492392019-01-28 Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Norton, Kerri-Ann Gong, Chang Jamalian, Samira Popel, Aleksander S. Processes (Basel) Article Multiscale systems biology and systems pharmacology are powerful methodologies that are playing increasingly important roles in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of biological phenomena and in clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in the applications of agent-based models (ABM) and hybrid modeling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immune response, including immunotherapy. Heterogeneity is a hallmark of cancer; tumor heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular, and tissue scales is a major determinant of metastasis, drug resistance, and low response rate to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Agent-based modeling is an effective methodology to obtain and understand quantitative characteristics of these processes and to propose clinical solutions aimed at overcoming the current obstacles in cancer treatment. We review models focusing on intra-tumor heterogeneity, particularly on interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells, including immune cells, the role of tumor-associated vasculature in the immune response, immune-related tumor mechanobiology, and cancer immunotherapy. We discuss the role of digital pathology in parameterizing and validating spatial computational models and potential applications to therapeutics. 2019-01-13 2019-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6349239/ /pubmed/30701168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010037 Text en Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Norton, Kerri-Ann
Gong, Chang
Jamalian, Samira
Popel, Aleksander S.
Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title_full Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title_fullStr Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title_full_unstemmed Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title_short Multiscale Agent-Based and Hybrid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
title_sort multiscale agent-based and hybrid modeling of the tumor immune microenvironment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6349239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30701168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010037
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