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Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth
Eukaryotic algae rose to ecological relevance after the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth glaciations, but the causes for this consequential evolutionary transition remain enigmatic. Cap carbonates were globally deposited directly after these glaciations, but they are usually organic barren or thermally...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6351664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696819 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08306-x |
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author | van Maldegem, Lennart M. Sansjofre, Pierre Weijers, Johan W. H. Wolkenstein, Klaus Strother, Paul K. Wörmer, Lars Hefter, Jens Nettersheim, Benjamin J. Hoshino, Yosuke Schouten, Stefan Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. Nath, Nilamoni Griesinger, Christian Kuznetsov, Nikolay B. Elie, Marcel Elvert, Marcus Tegelaar, Erik Gleixner, Gerd Hallmann, Christian |
author_facet | van Maldegem, Lennart M. Sansjofre, Pierre Weijers, Johan W. H. Wolkenstein, Klaus Strother, Paul K. Wörmer, Lars Hefter, Jens Nettersheim, Benjamin J. Hoshino, Yosuke Schouten, Stefan Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. Nath, Nilamoni Griesinger, Christian Kuznetsov, Nikolay B. Elie, Marcel Elvert, Marcus Tegelaar, Erik Gleixner, Gerd Hallmann, Christian |
author_sort | van Maldegem, Lennart M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Eukaryotic algae rose to ecological relevance after the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth glaciations, but the causes for this consequential evolutionary transition remain enigmatic. Cap carbonates were globally deposited directly after these glaciations, but they are usually organic barren or thermally overprinted. Here we show that uniquely-preserved cap dolostones of the Araras Group contain exceptional abundances of a newly identified biomarker: 25,28-bisnorgammacerane. Its secular occurrence, carbon isotope systematics and co-occurrence with other demethylated terpenoids suggest a mechanistic connection to extensive microbial degradation of ciliate-derived biomass in bacterially dominated ecosystems. Declining 25,28-bisnorgammacerane concentrations, and a parallel rise of steranes over hopanes, indicate the transition from a bacterial to eukaryotic dominated ecosystem after the Marinoan deglaciation. Nutrient levels already increased during the Cryogenian and were a prerequisite, but not the ultimate driver for the algal rise. Intense predatory pressure by bacterivorous protists may have irrevocably cleared self-sustaining cyanobacterial ecosystems, thereby creating the ecological opportunity that allowed for the persistent rise of eukaryotic algae to global importance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6351664 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63516642019-01-31 Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth van Maldegem, Lennart M. Sansjofre, Pierre Weijers, Johan W. H. Wolkenstein, Klaus Strother, Paul K. Wörmer, Lars Hefter, Jens Nettersheim, Benjamin J. Hoshino, Yosuke Schouten, Stefan Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. Nath, Nilamoni Griesinger, Christian Kuznetsov, Nikolay B. Elie, Marcel Elvert, Marcus Tegelaar, Erik Gleixner, Gerd Hallmann, Christian Nat Commun Article Eukaryotic algae rose to ecological relevance after the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth glaciations, but the causes for this consequential evolutionary transition remain enigmatic. Cap carbonates were globally deposited directly after these glaciations, but they are usually organic barren or thermally overprinted. Here we show that uniquely-preserved cap dolostones of the Araras Group contain exceptional abundances of a newly identified biomarker: 25,28-bisnorgammacerane. Its secular occurrence, carbon isotope systematics and co-occurrence with other demethylated terpenoids suggest a mechanistic connection to extensive microbial degradation of ciliate-derived biomass in bacterially dominated ecosystems. Declining 25,28-bisnorgammacerane concentrations, and a parallel rise of steranes over hopanes, indicate the transition from a bacterial to eukaryotic dominated ecosystem after the Marinoan deglaciation. Nutrient levels already increased during the Cryogenian and were a prerequisite, but not the ultimate driver for the algal rise. Intense predatory pressure by bacterivorous protists may have irrevocably cleared self-sustaining cyanobacterial ecosystems, thereby creating the ecological opportunity that allowed for the persistent rise of eukaryotic algae to global importance. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6351664/ /pubmed/30696819 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08306-x Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article van Maldegem, Lennart M. Sansjofre, Pierre Weijers, Johan W. H. Wolkenstein, Klaus Strother, Paul K. Wörmer, Lars Hefter, Jens Nettersheim, Benjamin J. Hoshino, Yosuke Schouten, Stefan Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. Nath, Nilamoni Griesinger, Christian Kuznetsov, Nikolay B. Elie, Marcel Elvert, Marcus Tegelaar, Erik Gleixner, Gerd Hallmann, Christian Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title | Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title_full | Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title_fullStr | Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title_full_unstemmed | Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title_short | Bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after Snowball Earth |
title_sort | bisnorgammacerane traces predatory pressure and the persistent rise of algal ecosystems after snowball earth |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6351664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696819 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08306-x |
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