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Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017

Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, is a non-contagious infectious disease that affects a wide range of animal species (primarily ruminants) including humans. Due to the often-fatal outcome in humans, quick administration of definitely effective antimicrobials is crucial either as prophylaxis or...

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Autores principales: Manzulli, Viviana, Fasanella, Antonio, Parisi, Antonio, Serrecchia, Luigina, Donatiello, Adelia, Rondinone, Valeria, Caruso, Marta, Zange, Sabine, Tscherne, Alina, Decaro, Nicola, Pedarra, Carmine, Galante, Domenico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6351761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30541185
http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.58
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author Manzulli, Viviana
Fasanella, Antonio
Parisi, Antonio
Serrecchia, Luigina
Donatiello, Adelia
Rondinone, Valeria
Caruso, Marta
Zange, Sabine
Tscherne, Alina
Decaro, Nicola
Pedarra, Carmine
Galante, Domenico
author_facet Manzulli, Viviana
Fasanella, Antonio
Parisi, Antonio
Serrecchia, Luigina
Donatiello, Adelia
Rondinone, Valeria
Caruso, Marta
Zange, Sabine
Tscherne, Alina
Decaro, Nicola
Pedarra, Carmine
Galante, Domenico
author_sort Manzulli, Viviana
collection PubMed
description Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, is a non-contagious infectious disease that affects a wide range of animal species (primarily ruminants) including humans. Due to the often-fatal outcome in humans, quick administration of definitely effective antimicrobials is crucial either as prophylaxis or as a clinical case therapy. In this study, 110 B. anthracis strains, temporally, geographically, and genetically different, isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017, were screened using a broth microdilution method to determine their susceptibility to 16 clinically relevant antimicrobial agents. The strains were isolated from various matrices (human, animal, and environmental samples) and were representative of thirty distinct genotypes previously identified by 15-loci multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis. The antimicrobials tested were gentamicin, ceftriaxone, streptomycin, penicillin G, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, linezolid, cefotaxime, tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim. All isolates were susceptible to most of the tested antimicrobials, with the exception of trimethoprim for which all of them showed high minimal inhibitory concentration values. An intermediate level of susceptibility was recorded for ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend the use of doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, and amoxicillin for treatment of human cases and for post-exposure prophylaxis to anthrax spores, this study shows a high degree of in vitro susceptibility of B. anthracis to many other antimicrobials, suggesting the possibility of an alternative choice for prophylaxis and therapy.
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spelling pubmed-63517612019-02-08 Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017 Manzulli, Viviana Fasanella, Antonio Parisi, Antonio Serrecchia, Luigina Donatiello, Adelia Rondinone, Valeria Caruso, Marta Zange, Sabine Tscherne, Alina Decaro, Nicola Pedarra, Carmine Galante, Domenico J Vet Sci Original Article Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, is a non-contagious infectious disease that affects a wide range of animal species (primarily ruminants) including humans. Due to the often-fatal outcome in humans, quick administration of definitely effective antimicrobials is crucial either as prophylaxis or as a clinical case therapy. In this study, 110 B. anthracis strains, temporally, geographically, and genetically different, isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017, were screened using a broth microdilution method to determine their susceptibility to 16 clinically relevant antimicrobial agents. The strains were isolated from various matrices (human, animal, and environmental samples) and were representative of thirty distinct genotypes previously identified by 15-loci multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis. The antimicrobials tested were gentamicin, ceftriaxone, streptomycin, penicillin G, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, linezolid, cefotaxime, tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim. All isolates were susceptible to most of the tested antimicrobials, with the exception of trimethoprim for which all of them showed high minimal inhibitory concentration values. An intermediate level of susceptibility was recorded for ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend the use of doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, and amoxicillin for treatment of human cases and for post-exposure prophylaxis to anthrax spores, this study shows a high degree of in vitro susceptibility of B. anthracis to many other antimicrobials, suggesting the possibility of an alternative choice for prophylaxis and therapy. The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2019-01 2019-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6351761/ /pubmed/30541185 http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.58 Text en © 2019 The Korean Society of Veterinary Science http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Manzulli, Viviana
Fasanella, Antonio
Parisi, Antonio
Serrecchia, Luigina
Donatiello, Adelia
Rondinone, Valeria
Caruso, Marta
Zange, Sabine
Tscherne, Alina
Decaro, Nicola
Pedarra, Carmine
Galante, Domenico
Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title_full Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title_fullStr Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title_short Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017
title_sort evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of bacillus anthracis strains isolated during anthrax outbreaks in italy from 1984 to 2017
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6351761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30541185
http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.58
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