Cargando…
Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection
Running is believed to be beneficial for human health. Many studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of voluntary running on animal models. There were both primary and secondary degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. However, whether running can delay primary or s...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6352605/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30632515 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.247481 |
_version_ | 1783390875374583808 |
---|---|
author | Li, Hong-Ying Hong, Xi Huang, Mi So, Kwok-Fai |
author_facet | Li, Hong-Ying Hong, Xi Huang, Mi So, Kwok-Fai |
author_sort | Li, Hong-Ying |
collection | PubMed |
description | Running is believed to be beneficial for human health. Many studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of voluntary running on animal models. There were both primary and secondary degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. However, whether running can delay primary or secondary degeneration or both of them was not clear. Partial optic nerve transection model is a valuable glaucoma model for studying both primary and secondary degeneration because it can separate primary (mainly in the superior retina) from secondary (mainly in the inferior retina) degeneration. Therefore, we compared the survival of retinal ganglion cells between Sprague-Dawley rat runners and non-runners both in the superior and inferior retinas. Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are involved in the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. So we also used western immunoblotting to compare the expression of some proteins involved in apoptosis (phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinases, p-JNKs), oxidative stress (manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD) and excitotoxicity (glutamine synthetase) between runners and non-runners after partial optic nerve transection. Results showed that voluntary running delayed the death of retinal ganglion cells vulnerable to primary degeneration but not those to secondary degeneration. In addition, voluntary running decreased the expression of glutamine synthetase, but not the expression of p-JNKs and MnSOD in the superior retina after partial optic nerve transection. These results illustrated that primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells might be mainly related with excitotoxicity rather than oxidative stress; and the voluntary running could down-regulate excitotoxicity to delay the primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells after partial optic nerve transection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6352605 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63526052019-04-01 Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection Li, Hong-Ying Hong, Xi Huang, Mi So, Kwok-Fai Neural Regen Res Research Article Running is believed to be beneficial for human health. Many studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of voluntary running on animal models. There were both primary and secondary degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. However, whether running can delay primary or secondary degeneration or both of them was not clear. Partial optic nerve transection model is a valuable glaucoma model for studying both primary and secondary degeneration because it can separate primary (mainly in the superior retina) from secondary (mainly in the inferior retina) degeneration. Therefore, we compared the survival of retinal ganglion cells between Sprague-Dawley rat runners and non-runners both in the superior and inferior retinas. Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are involved in the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. So we also used western immunoblotting to compare the expression of some proteins involved in apoptosis (phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinases, p-JNKs), oxidative stress (manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD) and excitotoxicity (glutamine synthetase) between runners and non-runners after partial optic nerve transection. Results showed that voluntary running delayed the death of retinal ganglion cells vulnerable to primary degeneration but not those to secondary degeneration. In addition, voluntary running decreased the expression of glutamine synthetase, but not the expression of p-JNKs and MnSOD in the superior retina after partial optic nerve transection. These results illustrated that primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells might be mainly related with excitotoxicity rather than oxidative stress; and the voluntary running could down-regulate excitotoxicity to delay the primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells after partial optic nerve transection. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2019-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6352605/ /pubmed/30632515 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.247481 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Li, Hong-Ying Hong, Xi Huang, Mi So, Kwok-Fai Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title | Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title_full | Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title_fullStr | Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title_full_unstemmed | Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title_short | Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
title_sort | voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6352605/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30632515 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.247481 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lihongying voluntaryrunningdelaysprimarydegenerationinratretinasafterpartialopticnervetransection AT hongxi voluntaryrunningdelaysprimarydegenerationinratretinasafterpartialopticnervetransection AT huangmi voluntaryrunningdelaysprimarydegenerationinratretinasafterpartialopticnervetransection AT sokwokfai voluntaryrunningdelaysprimarydegenerationinratretinasafterpartialopticnervetransection |