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The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked

Populations of anadromous fish have become landlocked in relatively recent geological history (<14,000 years), but the evolutionary impacts of this altered lifecycle on traits underlying seawater performance have not been established. In order to examine the effects of relaxed selection on seawat...

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Autores principales: McCormick, Stephen D., Regish, Amy M., Ardren, William R., Björnsson, Björn Thrandur, Bernier, Nicholas J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6353943/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30700821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37608-1
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author McCormick, Stephen D.
Regish, Amy M.
Ardren, William R.
Björnsson, Björn Thrandur
Bernier, Nicholas J.
author_facet McCormick, Stephen D.
Regish, Amy M.
Ardren, William R.
Björnsson, Björn Thrandur
Bernier, Nicholas J.
author_sort McCormick, Stephen D.
collection PubMed
description Populations of anadromous fish have become landlocked in relatively recent geological history (<14,000 years), but the evolutionary impacts of this altered lifecycle on traits underlying seawater performance have not been established. In order to examine the effects of relaxed selection on seawater traits, anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon were reared under identical conditions and examined for differences in seawater performance and its underlying physiological and endocrine control during the time of spring downstream migration. Salinity tolerance, survival and initial growth in seawater were greater in anadromous than in landlocked salmon. Abundance of the seawater isoform of gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase increased in spring in both strains but was greater in anadromous salmon. Hormones associated with seawater acclimation (adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol and growth hormone) increased in spring in both strains but were higher in anadromous salmon, whereas plasma thyroid hormones did not differ. Hypothalamic urotensin I mRNA levels also increased in spring and were higher in the anadromous strain. The results provide evidence that salinity tolerance and associated physiological traits are regulated by seasonal stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis, and that relaxed selection on seawater entry traits has decreased this stimulation in landlocked salmon.
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spelling pubmed-63539432019-02-01 The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked McCormick, Stephen D. Regish, Amy M. Ardren, William R. Björnsson, Björn Thrandur Bernier, Nicholas J. Sci Rep Article Populations of anadromous fish have become landlocked in relatively recent geological history (<14,000 years), but the evolutionary impacts of this altered lifecycle on traits underlying seawater performance have not been established. In order to examine the effects of relaxed selection on seawater traits, anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon were reared under identical conditions and examined for differences in seawater performance and its underlying physiological and endocrine control during the time of spring downstream migration. Salinity tolerance, survival and initial growth in seawater were greater in anadromous than in landlocked salmon. Abundance of the seawater isoform of gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase increased in spring in both strains but was greater in anadromous salmon. Hormones associated with seawater acclimation (adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol and growth hormone) increased in spring in both strains but were higher in anadromous salmon, whereas plasma thyroid hormones did not differ. Hypothalamic urotensin I mRNA levels also increased in spring and were higher in the anadromous strain. The results provide evidence that salinity tolerance and associated physiological traits are regulated by seasonal stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis, and that relaxed selection on seawater entry traits has decreased this stimulation in landlocked salmon. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6353943/ /pubmed/30700821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37608-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
McCormick, Stephen D.
Regish, Amy M.
Ardren, William R.
Björnsson, Björn Thrandur
Bernier, Nicholas J.
The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title_full The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title_fullStr The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title_full_unstemmed The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title_short The evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous Atlantic salmon become landlocked
title_sort evolutionary consequences for seawater performance and its hormonal control when anadromous atlantic salmon become landlocked
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6353943/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30700821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37608-1
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