A different clinical presentation of Heiner syndrome: The case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage causing massive hemoptysis and hematemesis

Heiner syndrome is a non-IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to cow's milk, which often causes pulmonary disease in infants and young children. Patients often have symptoms of chronic or recurrent upper or lower respiratory tract infection. It has been reported that the Heiner’s syndrome can cause recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage, and it is difficult to differentiate from the entity of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, another disease with recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage of unknown etiology usually occurring in the older children. Acute respiration is a rare problem in Heiner syndrome, which usually has symptoms and signs of chronic respiratory disease. In this case report, we present a 6-month-old patient who was admitted to our hospital with massive hemoptysis, hematemesis, and deep anemia.