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Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014

Despite the importance of n-3 fatty acids for health, intakes remain below recommended levels. The objective of this study was to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States using th...

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Autores principales: Thompson, Maranda, Hein, Nicholas, Hanson, Corrine, Smith, Lynette M., Anderson-Berry, Ann, Richter, Chesney K., Stessy Bisselou, Karl, Kusi Appiah, Adams, Kris-Etherton, Penny, Skulas-Ray, Ann C., Nordgren, Tara M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6356780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010177
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author Thompson, Maranda
Hein, Nicholas
Hanson, Corrine
Smith, Lynette M.
Anderson-Berry, Ann
Richter, Chesney K.
Stessy Bisselou, Karl
Kusi Appiah, Adams
Kris-Etherton, Penny
Skulas-Ray, Ann C.
Nordgren, Tara M.
author_facet Thompson, Maranda
Hein, Nicholas
Hanson, Corrine
Smith, Lynette M.
Anderson-Berry, Ann
Richter, Chesney K.
Stessy Bisselou, Karl
Kusi Appiah, Adams
Kris-Etherton, Penny
Skulas-Ray, Ann C.
Nordgren, Tara M.
author_sort Thompson, Maranda
collection PubMed
description Despite the importance of n-3 fatty acids for health, intakes remain below recommended levels. The objective of this study was to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States using the 2003–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n = 45,347)). Over this survey period, toddlers, children, and adolescents (aged 1–19) had significantly lower n-3 fatty acid intake (p < 0.001) compared to adults and seniors, which remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake. Females demonstrated lower n-3 fatty acid intake than males (p < 0.001), with adult and senior women having significantly lower intakes compared to men in the same age categories (p < 0.001) after adjustment for energy intake. Women also consumed less fish than men (5.8 versus 6.1 servings/month, p < 0.001). The estimated intakes of n-3 fatty acids in pregnant women did not differ from non-pregnant women (p = 0.6 for EPA+DHA), although pregnant women reported consuming less high n-3 fatty acid-containing fish than non-pregnant women (1.8 versus 2.6 servings/month, p < 0.001). Our findings indicate that subgroups of the population may be at higher risk of n-3 fatty acid intakes below recommended levels.
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spelling pubmed-63567802019-02-01 Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014 Thompson, Maranda Hein, Nicholas Hanson, Corrine Smith, Lynette M. Anderson-Berry, Ann Richter, Chesney K. Stessy Bisselou, Karl Kusi Appiah, Adams Kris-Etherton, Penny Skulas-Ray, Ann C. Nordgren, Tara M. Nutrients Article Despite the importance of n-3 fatty acids for health, intakes remain below recommended levels. The objective of this study was to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States using the 2003–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n = 45,347)). Over this survey period, toddlers, children, and adolescents (aged 1–19) had significantly lower n-3 fatty acid intake (p < 0.001) compared to adults and seniors, which remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake. Females demonstrated lower n-3 fatty acid intake than males (p < 0.001), with adult and senior women having significantly lower intakes compared to men in the same age categories (p < 0.001) after adjustment for energy intake. Women also consumed less fish than men (5.8 versus 6.1 servings/month, p < 0.001). The estimated intakes of n-3 fatty acids in pregnant women did not differ from non-pregnant women (p = 0.6 for EPA+DHA), although pregnant women reported consuming less high n-3 fatty acid-containing fish than non-pregnant women (1.8 versus 2.6 servings/month, p < 0.001). Our findings indicate that subgroups of the population may be at higher risk of n-3 fatty acid intakes below recommended levels. MDPI 2019-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6356780/ /pubmed/30650613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010177 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Thompson, Maranda
Hein, Nicholas
Hanson, Corrine
Smith, Lynette M.
Anderson-Berry, Ann
Richter, Chesney K.
Stessy Bisselou, Karl
Kusi Appiah, Adams
Kris-Etherton, Penny
Skulas-Ray, Ann C.
Nordgren, Tara M.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title_full Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title_fullStr Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title_full_unstemmed Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title_short Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014
title_sort omega-3 fatty acid intake by age, gender, and pregnancy status in the united states: national health and nutrition examination survey 2003–2014
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6356780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010177
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