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Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases

Many plant viruses express their proteins through a polyprotein strategy, requiring the acquisition of protease domains to regulate the release of functional mature proteins and/or intermediate polyproteins. Positive-strand RNA viruses constitute the vast majority of plant viruses and they are diver...

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Autores principales: Mann, Krin S., Sanfaçon, Hélène
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6357015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650571
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010066
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author Mann, Krin S.
Sanfaçon, Hélène
author_facet Mann, Krin S.
Sanfaçon, Hélène
author_sort Mann, Krin S.
collection PubMed
description Many plant viruses express their proteins through a polyprotein strategy, requiring the acquisition of protease domains to regulate the release of functional mature proteins and/or intermediate polyproteins. Positive-strand RNA viruses constitute the vast majority of plant viruses and they are diverse in their genomic organization and protein expression strategies. Until recently, proteases encoded by positive-strand RNA viruses were described as belonging to two categories: (1) chymotrypsin-like cysteine and serine proteases and (2) papain-like cysteine protease. However, the functional characterization of plant virus cysteine and serine proteases has highlighted their diversity in terms of biological activities, cleavage site specificities, regulatory mechanisms, and three-dimensional structures. The recent discovery of a plant picorna-like virus glutamic protease with possible structural similarities with fungal and bacterial glutamic proteases also revealed new unexpected sources of protease domains. We discuss the variety of plant positive-strand RNA virus protease domains. We also highlight possible evolution scenarios of these viral proteases, including evidence for the exchange of protease domains amongst unrelated viruses.
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spelling pubmed-63570152019-02-05 Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases Mann, Krin S. Sanfaçon, Hélène Viruses Review Many plant viruses express their proteins through a polyprotein strategy, requiring the acquisition of protease domains to regulate the release of functional mature proteins and/or intermediate polyproteins. Positive-strand RNA viruses constitute the vast majority of plant viruses and they are diverse in their genomic organization and protein expression strategies. Until recently, proteases encoded by positive-strand RNA viruses were described as belonging to two categories: (1) chymotrypsin-like cysteine and serine proteases and (2) papain-like cysteine protease. However, the functional characterization of plant virus cysteine and serine proteases has highlighted their diversity in terms of biological activities, cleavage site specificities, regulatory mechanisms, and three-dimensional structures. The recent discovery of a plant picorna-like virus glutamic protease with possible structural similarities with fungal and bacterial glutamic proteases also revealed new unexpected sources of protease domains. We discuss the variety of plant positive-strand RNA virus protease domains. We also highlight possible evolution scenarios of these viral proteases, including evidence for the exchange of protease domains amongst unrelated viruses. MDPI 2019-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6357015/ /pubmed/30650571 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010066 Text en © 2019 by Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada as Represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mann, Krin S.
Sanfaçon, Hélène
Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title_full Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title_fullStr Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title_full_unstemmed Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title_short Expanding Repertoire of Plant Positive-Strand RNA Virus Proteases
title_sort expanding repertoire of plant positive-strand rna virus proteases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6357015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650571
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010066
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