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The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera
RNA viruses that contain single-stranded RNA genomes of positive sense make up the largest group of pathogens infecting honey bees. Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the most widely distributed honey bee viruses and infects the larvae of honey bees, resulting in failure to pupate and death. Among all o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6357158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30646581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010061 |
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author | Li, Jianghong Wang, Tingyun Evans, Jay D. Rose, Robyn Zhao, Yazhou Li, Zhiguo Li, Jilian Huang, Shaokang Heerman, Matthew Rodríguez-García, Cristina Banmeke, Olubukola Brister, J. Rodney Hatcher, Eneida L. Cao, Lianfei Hamilton, Michele Chen, Yanping |
author_facet | Li, Jianghong Wang, Tingyun Evans, Jay D. Rose, Robyn Zhao, Yazhou Li, Zhiguo Li, Jilian Huang, Shaokang Heerman, Matthew Rodríguez-García, Cristina Banmeke, Olubukola Brister, J. Rodney Hatcher, Eneida L. Cao, Lianfei Hamilton, Michele Chen, Yanping |
author_sort | Li, Jianghong |
collection | PubMed |
description | RNA viruses that contain single-stranded RNA genomes of positive sense make up the largest group of pathogens infecting honey bees. Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the most widely distributed honey bee viruses and infects the larvae of honey bees, resulting in failure to pupate and death. Among all of the viruses infecting honey bees, SBV has the greatest number of complete genomes isolated from both European honey bees Apis mellifera and Asian honey bees A. cerana worldwide. To enhance our understanding of the evolution and pathogenicity of SBV, in this study, we present the first report of whole genome sequences of two U.S. strains of SBV. The complete genome sequences of the two U.S. SBV strains were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers: MG545286.1 and MG545287.1. Both SBV strains show the typical genomic features of the Iflaviridae family. The phylogenetic analysis of the single polyprotein coding region of the U.S. strains, and other GenBank SBV submissions revealed that SBV strains split into two distinct lineages, possibly reflecting host affiliation. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 5′UTR revealed a monophyletic clade with the deep parts of the tree occupied by SBV strains from both A. cerane and A. mellifera, and the tips of branches of the tree occupied by SBV strains from A. mellifera. The study of the cold stress on the pathogenesis of the SBV infection showed that cold stress could have profound effects on sacbrood disease severity manifested by increased mortality of infected larvae. This result suggests that the high prevalence of sacbrood disease in early spring may be due to the fluctuating temperatures during the season. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and pathogenesis of SBV infection in honey bees, and have important epidemiological relevance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6357158 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63571582019-02-05 The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera Li, Jianghong Wang, Tingyun Evans, Jay D. Rose, Robyn Zhao, Yazhou Li, Zhiguo Li, Jilian Huang, Shaokang Heerman, Matthew Rodríguez-García, Cristina Banmeke, Olubukola Brister, J. Rodney Hatcher, Eneida L. Cao, Lianfei Hamilton, Michele Chen, Yanping Viruses Article RNA viruses that contain single-stranded RNA genomes of positive sense make up the largest group of pathogens infecting honey bees. Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the most widely distributed honey bee viruses and infects the larvae of honey bees, resulting in failure to pupate and death. Among all of the viruses infecting honey bees, SBV has the greatest number of complete genomes isolated from both European honey bees Apis mellifera and Asian honey bees A. cerana worldwide. To enhance our understanding of the evolution and pathogenicity of SBV, in this study, we present the first report of whole genome sequences of two U.S. strains of SBV. The complete genome sequences of the two U.S. SBV strains were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers: MG545286.1 and MG545287.1. Both SBV strains show the typical genomic features of the Iflaviridae family. The phylogenetic analysis of the single polyprotein coding region of the U.S. strains, and other GenBank SBV submissions revealed that SBV strains split into two distinct lineages, possibly reflecting host affiliation. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 5′UTR revealed a monophyletic clade with the deep parts of the tree occupied by SBV strains from both A. cerane and A. mellifera, and the tips of branches of the tree occupied by SBV strains from A. mellifera. The study of the cold stress on the pathogenesis of the SBV infection showed that cold stress could have profound effects on sacbrood disease severity manifested by increased mortality of infected larvae. This result suggests that the high prevalence of sacbrood disease in early spring may be due to the fluctuating temperatures during the season. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and pathogenesis of SBV infection in honey bees, and have important epidemiological relevance. MDPI 2019-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6357158/ /pubmed/30646581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010061 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Jianghong Wang, Tingyun Evans, Jay D. Rose, Robyn Zhao, Yazhou Li, Zhiguo Li, Jilian Huang, Shaokang Heerman, Matthew Rodríguez-García, Cristina Banmeke, Olubukola Brister, J. Rodney Hatcher, Eneida L. Cao, Lianfei Hamilton, Michele Chen, Yanping The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title | The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title_full | The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title_fullStr | The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title_full_unstemmed | The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title_short | The Phylogeny and Pathogenesis of Sacbrood Virus (SBV) Infection in European Honey Bees, Apis mellifera |
title_sort | phylogeny and pathogenesis of sacbrood virus (sbv) infection in european honey bees, apis mellifera |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6357158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30646581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010061 |
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