Cargando…
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways
Queen loss or failure is an important cause of honey bee colony loss. A functional queen is essential to a colony, and the queen is predicted to be well protected by worker bees and other mechanisms of social immunity. Nevertheless, several honey bee pathogens (including viruses) can infect queens....
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6359674/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30626038 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010009 |
_version_ | 1783392319912804352 |
---|---|
author | Amiri, Esmaeil Seddon, Gregory Zuluaga Smith, Wendy Strand, Micheline K. Tarpy, David R. Rueppell, Olav |
author_facet | Amiri, Esmaeil Seddon, Gregory Zuluaga Smith, Wendy Strand, Micheline K. Tarpy, David R. Rueppell, Olav |
author_sort | Amiri, Esmaeil |
collection | PubMed |
description | Queen loss or failure is an important cause of honey bee colony loss. A functional queen is essential to a colony, and the queen is predicted to be well protected by worker bees and other mechanisms of social immunity. Nevertheless, several honey bee pathogens (including viruses) can infect queens. Here, we report a series of experiments to test how virus infection influences queen–worker interactions and the consequences for virus transmission. We used Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) as an experimental pathogen because it is relevant to bee health but is not omnipresent. Queens were observed spending 50% of their time with healthy workers, 32% with infected workers, and 18% without interaction. However, the overall bias toward healthy workers was not statistically significant, and there was considerable individual to individual variability. We found that physical contact between infected workers and queens leads to high queen infection in some cases, suggesting that IAPV infections also spread through close bodily contact. Across experiments, queens exhibited lower IAPV titers than surrounding workers. Thus, our results indicate that honey bee queens are better protected by individual and social immunity, but this protection is insufficient to prevent IAPV infections completely. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6359674 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63596742019-02-12 Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways Amiri, Esmaeil Seddon, Gregory Zuluaga Smith, Wendy Strand, Micheline K. Tarpy, David R. Rueppell, Olav Insects Article Queen loss or failure is an important cause of honey bee colony loss. A functional queen is essential to a colony, and the queen is predicted to be well protected by worker bees and other mechanisms of social immunity. Nevertheless, several honey bee pathogens (including viruses) can infect queens. Here, we report a series of experiments to test how virus infection influences queen–worker interactions and the consequences for virus transmission. We used Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) as an experimental pathogen because it is relevant to bee health but is not omnipresent. Queens were observed spending 50% of their time with healthy workers, 32% with infected workers, and 18% without interaction. However, the overall bias toward healthy workers was not statistically significant, and there was considerable individual to individual variability. We found that physical contact between infected workers and queens leads to high queen infection in some cases, suggesting that IAPV infections also spread through close bodily contact. Across experiments, queens exhibited lower IAPV titers than surrounding workers. Thus, our results indicate that honey bee queens are better protected by individual and social immunity, but this protection is insufficient to prevent IAPV infections completely. MDPI 2019-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6359674/ /pubmed/30626038 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010009 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Amiri, Esmaeil Seddon, Gregory Zuluaga Smith, Wendy Strand, Micheline K. Tarpy, David R. Rueppell, Olav Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title | Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title_full | Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title_fullStr | Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title_full_unstemmed | Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title_short | Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways |
title_sort | israeli acute paralysis virus: honey bee queen–worker interaction and potential virus transmission pathways |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6359674/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30626038 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010009 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT amiriesmaeil israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways AT seddongregory israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways AT zuluagasmithwendy israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways AT strandmichelinek israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways AT tarpydavidr israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways AT rueppellolav israeliacuteparalysisvirushoneybeequeenworkerinteractionandpotentialvirustransmissionpathways |