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Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation

INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, evolutionary analysis of equine influenza virus (EIV) is based on the HA gene. However, the specificity of the influenza virus enables the classification of viral strains into different phylogenetic groups, depending on the gene being analysed. The aim of the study was t...

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Autores principales: Kwaśnik, Małgorzata, Góra, Ilona M., Żmudziński, Jan F., Rola, Jerzy, Polak, Mirosław P., Rożek, Wojciech
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sciendo 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6364155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30729195
http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0057
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author Kwaśnik, Małgorzata
Góra, Ilona M.
Żmudziński, Jan F.
Rola, Jerzy
Polak, Mirosław P.
Rożek, Wojciech
author_facet Kwaśnik, Małgorzata
Góra, Ilona M.
Żmudziński, Jan F.
Rola, Jerzy
Polak, Mirosław P.
Rożek, Wojciech
author_sort Kwaśnik, Małgorzata
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, evolutionary analysis of equine influenza virus (EIV) is based on the HA gene. However, the specificity of the influenza virus enables the classification of viral strains into different phylogenetic groups, depending on the gene being analysed. The aim of the study was to analyse phylogenetic paths of EIV based on M gene with reference to the HA gene. MATERIAL AND METHODS: M gene of Polish isolates has been sequenced and analysed along with all M sequences of EIV available in GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using BioEdit, ClustalW, and MEGA7 softwares. RESULTS: The clustering of the strains isolated not only from Asia but also from Europe into one common Asian-like group of EIV was observed. Twelve nucleotide substitutions in the M gene of strains from the Asian-like group were crucial for the evolutionary analysis. We also observed homology in the M gene of the Asian-like and H7N7 strains. CONCLUSIONS: M gene specific for the Asian-like group is present in strains recently isolated in Europe and Asia, which were classified previously in the Florida 2 clade based on HA. Therefore, Asian-like group does not seem to be assigned to a specific geographical region. Traces of H7N7 strains in more conservative genes like M of some contemporary EIV strains may indicate the link between the old phylogenetic group and recent H3N8 strains. Analysis of conservative genes may be more useful in tracking the direction of virus evolution than in the genes where the high variability rate may blur the original relationships.
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spelling pubmed-63641552019-02-06 Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation Kwaśnik, Małgorzata Góra, Ilona M. Żmudziński, Jan F. Rola, Jerzy Polak, Mirosław P. Rożek, Wojciech J Vet Res Research Article INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, evolutionary analysis of equine influenza virus (EIV) is based on the HA gene. However, the specificity of the influenza virus enables the classification of viral strains into different phylogenetic groups, depending on the gene being analysed. The aim of the study was to analyse phylogenetic paths of EIV based on M gene with reference to the HA gene. MATERIAL AND METHODS: M gene of Polish isolates has been sequenced and analysed along with all M sequences of EIV available in GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using BioEdit, ClustalW, and MEGA7 softwares. RESULTS: The clustering of the strains isolated not only from Asia but also from Europe into one common Asian-like group of EIV was observed. Twelve nucleotide substitutions in the M gene of strains from the Asian-like group were crucial for the evolutionary analysis. We also observed homology in the M gene of the Asian-like and H7N7 strains. CONCLUSIONS: M gene specific for the Asian-like group is present in strains recently isolated in Europe and Asia, which were classified previously in the Florida 2 clade based on HA. Therefore, Asian-like group does not seem to be assigned to a specific geographical region. Traces of H7N7 strains in more conservative genes like M of some contemporary EIV strains may indicate the link between the old phylogenetic group and recent H3N8 strains. Analysis of conservative genes may be more useful in tracking the direction of virus evolution than in the genes where the high variability rate may blur the original relationships. Sciendo 2018-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6364155/ /pubmed/30729195 http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0057 Text en © 2018 M. Kwaśnik et al. published by Sciendo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kwaśnik, Małgorzata
Góra, Ilona M.
Żmudziński, Jan F.
Rola, Jerzy
Polak, Mirosław P.
Rożek, Wojciech
Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title_full Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title_fullStr Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title_short Genetic Analysis of the M Gene of Equine Influenza Virus Strains Isolated in Poland, in the Context of the Asian-like Group Formation
title_sort genetic analysis of the m gene of equine influenza virus strains isolated in poland, in the context of the asian-like group formation
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6364155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30729195
http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0057
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