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Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of smoking and to investigate the permanence of this damage to the oral microcirculation. MATERIAL/METHODS: We recruited 75 patients and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 was composed of 25 healthy non-smokers, group 2 was compo...

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Autores principales: Scardina, Giuseppe A., Messina, Massimiliano, Melilli, Dario, Cumbo, Enzo, Carini, Francesco, Tomasello, Giovanni, Messina, Pietro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6364447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30698164
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.912279
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author Scardina, Giuseppe A.
Messina, Massimiliano
Melilli, Dario
Cumbo, Enzo
Carini, Francesco
Tomasello, Giovanni
Messina, Pietro
author_facet Scardina, Giuseppe A.
Messina, Massimiliano
Melilli, Dario
Cumbo, Enzo
Carini, Francesco
Tomasello, Giovanni
Messina, Pietro
author_sort Scardina, Giuseppe A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of smoking and to investigate the permanence of this damage to the oral microcirculation. MATERIAL/METHODS: We recruited 75 patients and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 was composed of 25 healthy non-smokers, group 2 was composed of 25 healthy current smokers, and group 3 was composed of 25 healthy ex-smokers. Video-capillaroscopic examination was performed on all patients. The video-capillaroscopic investigation was performed on patients in sitting position, always with the same light source, at the same room temperature (23°C), in the morning, with the same operator (GAS), and was repeated many times for every area under investigation. An enlargement of 200× allowed us to explore point-by-point all the morpho-structural characteristics of the capillaroscopic field. For non-parametric data, we evaluated the visibility of the loops and their position in relation to the surface of the mucosa. The evaluated parametric data were length of capillary loop, diameter of the loop, capillary tortuosity, and capillary density. RESULTS: Our study clearly shows there was no remission of vascular damage, even 13 years after smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Our research shows that that the effects of smoking are still visible in ex-smokers, even at 13 years after cessation and also that ex-smokers are still subject to the risk of oral pathologies in the interval of time that we considered.
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spelling pubmed-63644472019-02-15 Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers Scardina, Giuseppe A. Messina, Massimiliano Melilli, Dario Cumbo, Enzo Carini, Francesco Tomasello, Giovanni Messina, Pietro Med Sci Monit Clinical Research BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of smoking and to investigate the permanence of this damage to the oral microcirculation. MATERIAL/METHODS: We recruited 75 patients and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 was composed of 25 healthy non-smokers, group 2 was composed of 25 healthy current smokers, and group 3 was composed of 25 healthy ex-smokers. Video-capillaroscopic examination was performed on all patients. The video-capillaroscopic investigation was performed on patients in sitting position, always with the same light source, at the same room temperature (23°C), in the morning, with the same operator (GAS), and was repeated many times for every area under investigation. An enlargement of 200× allowed us to explore point-by-point all the morpho-structural characteristics of the capillaroscopic field. For non-parametric data, we evaluated the visibility of the loops and their position in relation to the surface of the mucosa. The evaluated parametric data were length of capillary loop, diameter of the loop, capillary tortuosity, and capillary density. RESULTS: Our study clearly shows there was no remission of vascular damage, even 13 years after smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Our research shows that that the effects of smoking are still visible in ex-smokers, even at 13 years after cessation and also that ex-smokers are still subject to the risk of oral pathologies in the interval of time that we considered. International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2019-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6364447/ /pubmed/30698164 http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.912279 Text en © Med Sci Monit, 2019 This work is licensed under Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Clinical Research
Scardina, Giuseppe A.
Messina, Massimiliano
Melilli, Dario
Cumbo, Enzo
Carini, Francesco
Tomasello, Giovanni
Messina, Pietro
Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title_full Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title_fullStr Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title_full_unstemmed Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title_short Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers
title_sort permanence of modifications in oral microcirculation in ex-smokers
topic Clinical Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6364447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30698164
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.912279
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