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Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence

Vitamin D testing and treatment is a subject of controversial scientific discussions, and it is challenging to navigate through the expanding vitamin D literature with heterogeneous and partially opposed opinions and recommendations. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an update on vitamin D...

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Autores principales: Pilz, Stefan, Zittermann, Armin, Trummer, Christian, Theiler-Schwetz, Verena, Lerchbaum, Elisabeth, Keppel, Martin H, Grübler, Martin R, März, Winfried, Pandis, Marlene
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bioscientifica Ltd 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6365669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650061
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0432
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author Pilz, Stefan
Zittermann, Armin
Trummer, Christian
Theiler-Schwetz, Verena
Lerchbaum, Elisabeth
Keppel, Martin H
Grübler, Martin R
März, Winfried
Pandis, Marlene
author_facet Pilz, Stefan
Zittermann, Armin
Trummer, Christian
Theiler-Schwetz, Verena
Lerchbaum, Elisabeth
Keppel, Martin H
Grübler, Martin R
März, Winfried
Pandis, Marlene
author_sort Pilz, Stefan
collection PubMed
description Vitamin D testing and treatment is a subject of controversial scientific discussions, and it is challenging to navigate through the expanding vitamin D literature with heterogeneous and partially opposed opinions and recommendations. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an update on vitamin D guidelines and the current evidence on the role of vitamin D for human health with its subsequent implications for patient care and public health issues. Vitamin D is critical for bone and mineral metabolism, and it is established that vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets and osteomalacia. While many guidelines recommend target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations of ≥50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL), the minimum consensus in the scientific community is that serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25–30 nmol/L (10–12 ng/mL) must be prevented and treated. Using this latter threshold of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, it has been documented that there is a high worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency that may require public health actions such as vitamin D food fortification. On the other hand, there is also reason for concern that an exploding rate of vitamin D testing and supplementation increases costs and might potentially be harmful. In the scientific debate on vitamin D, we should consider that nutrient trials differ from drug trials and that apart from the opposed positions regarding indications for vitamin D treatment we still have to better characterize the precise role of vitamin D for human health.
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spelling pubmed-63656692019-02-11 Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence Pilz, Stefan Zittermann, Armin Trummer, Christian Theiler-Schwetz, Verena Lerchbaum, Elisabeth Keppel, Martin H Grübler, Martin R März, Winfried Pandis, Marlene Endocr Connect Review Vitamin D testing and treatment is a subject of controversial scientific discussions, and it is challenging to navigate through the expanding vitamin D literature with heterogeneous and partially opposed opinions and recommendations. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an update on vitamin D guidelines and the current evidence on the role of vitamin D for human health with its subsequent implications for patient care and public health issues. Vitamin D is critical for bone and mineral metabolism, and it is established that vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets and osteomalacia. While many guidelines recommend target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations of ≥50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL), the minimum consensus in the scientific community is that serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25–30 nmol/L (10–12 ng/mL) must be prevented and treated. Using this latter threshold of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, it has been documented that there is a high worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency that may require public health actions such as vitamin D food fortification. On the other hand, there is also reason for concern that an exploding rate of vitamin D testing and supplementation increases costs and might potentially be harmful. In the scientific debate on vitamin D, we should consider that nutrient trials differ from drug trials and that apart from the opposed positions regarding indications for vitamin D treatment we still have to better characterize the precise role of vitamin D for human health. Bioscientifica Ltd 2019-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6365669/ /pubmed/30650061 http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0432 Text en © 2019 The authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
spellingShingle Review
Pilz, Stefan
Zittermann, Armin
Trummer, Christian
Theiler-Schwetz, Verena
Lerchbaum, Elisabeth
Keppel, Martin H
Grübler, Martin R
März, Winfried
Pandis, Marlene
Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title_full Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title_fullStr Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title_short Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
title_sort vitamin d testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6365669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30650061
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0432
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