Cargando…
Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target
Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic infection, caused by a unicellular protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa. It is estimated that over one-third of the world's population has been exposed and are latently infected with the parasite. In humans...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Vaccine Society
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6369123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30775347 http://dx.doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2019.8.1.4 |
_version_ | 1783394111760367616 |
---|---|
author | Foroutan, Masoud Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh Sharifi, Zohreh Dalimi, Abdolhosein Jorjani, Ogholniaz |
author_facet | Foroutan, Masoud Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh Sharifi, Zohreh Dalimi, Abdolhosein Jorjani, Ogholniaz |
author_sort | Foroutan, Masoud |
collection | PubMed |
description | Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic infection, caused by a unicellular protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa. It is estimated that over one-third of the world's population has been exposed and are latently infected with the parasite. In humans, toxoplasmosis is predominantly asymptomatic in immunocompetent persons, while among immunocompromised individuals may be cause severe and progressive complications with poor prognosis. Moreover, seronegative pregnant mothers are other risk groups for acquiring the infection. The life cycle of T. gondii is very complex, indicating the presence of a plurality of antigenic epitopes. Despite of great advances, recognize and construct novel vaccines for prevent and control of toxoplasmosis in both humans and animals is still remains a great challenge for researchers to select potential protein sequences as the ideal antigens. Notably, in several past years, constant efforts of researchers have made considerable advances to elucidate the different aspects of the cell and molecular biology of T. gondii mainly on microneme antigens, dense granule antigens, surface antigens, and rhoptry proteins (ROP). These attempts thereby provided great impetus to the present focus on vaccine development, according to the defined subcellular components of the parasite. Although, currently there is no commercial vaccine for use in humans. Among the main identified T. gondii antigens, ROPs appear as a putative vaccine candidate that are vital for invasion procedure as well as survival within host cells. Overall, it is estimated that they occupy about 1%–30% of the total parasite cell volume. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress of ROP-based vaccine development through various strategies from DNA vaccines, epitope or multi epitope-based vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines to vaccines based on live-attenuated vectors and prime-boost strategies in different mouse models. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6369123 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | The Korean Vaccine Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63691232019-02-17 Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target Foroutan, Masoud Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh Sharifi, Zohreh Dalimi, Abdolhosein Jorjani, Ogholniaz Clin Exp Vaccine Res Review Article Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic infection, caused by a unicellular protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa. It is estimated that over one-third of the world's population has been exposed and are latently infected with the parasite. In humans, toxoplasmosis is predominantly asymptomatic in immunocompetent persons, while among immunocompromised individuals may be cause severe and progressive complications with poor prognosis. Moreover, seronegative pregnant mothers are other risk groups for acquiring the infection. The life cycle of T. gondii is very complex, indicating the presence of a plurality of antigenic epitopes. Despite of great advances, recognize and construct novel vaccines for prevent and control of toxoplasmosis in both humans and animals is still remains a great challenge for researchers to select potential protein sequences as the ideal antigens. Notably, in several past years, constant efforts of researchers have made considerable advances to elucidate the different aspects of the cell and molecular biology of T. gondii mainly on microneme antigens, dense granule antigens, surface antigens, and rhoptry proteins (ROP). These attempts thereby provided great impetus to the present focus on vaccine development, according to the defined subcellular components of the parasite. Although, currently there is no commercial vaccine for use in humans. Among the main identified T. gondii antigens, ROPs appear as a putative vaccine candidate that are vital for invasion procedure as well as survival within host cells. Overall, it is estimated that they occupy about 1%–30% of the total parasite cell volume. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress of ROP-based vaccine development through various strategies from DNA vaccines, epitope or multi epitope-based vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines to vaccines based on live-attenuated vectors and prime-boost strategies in different mouse models. The Korean Vaccine Society 2019-01 2019-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6369123/ /pubmed/30775347 http://dx.doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2019.8.1.4 Text en © Korean Vaccine Society. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Foroutan, Masoud Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh Sharifi, Zohreh Dalimi, Abdolhosein Jorjani, Ogholniaz Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title | Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title_full | Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title_fullStr | Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title_full_unstemmed | Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title_short | Rhoptry antigens as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
title_sort | rhoptry antigens as toxoplasma gondii vaccine target |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6369123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30775347 http://dx.doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2019.8.1.4 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT foroutanmasoud rhoptryantigensastoxoplasmagondiivaccinetarget AT ghaffarifarfatemeh rhoptryantigensastoxoplasmagondiivaccinetarget AT sharifizohreh rhoptryantigensastoxoplasmagondiivaccinetarget AT dalimiabdolhosein rhoptryantigensastoxoplasmagondiivaccinetarget AT jorjaniogholniaz rhoptryantigensastoxoplasmagondiivaccinetarget |