Massive hemoptysis due to recurrence of bronchial to pulmonary vascular malformation: A case report

Bronchial dieulafoy lesions are quite rare with relatively few case reports in the literature. Symptoms may vary but the lesion is often associated with hemoptysis and may present as massive hemoptysis. We present a case of a 69-year-old male with a recurrent episode of hemoptysis three years after treatment for a bronchial dieulafoy lesion. The bronchoscopy done three years prior during an initial episode of hemoptysis showed a visible dieulafoy deep within a subsegmental branch of the right lower lobe. This case is unique because there are no other reports within the literature of a delayed recurrence several years after previous treatment of a bronchial dieulafoy lesion, which in our case was due to bronchial to pulmonary vascular malformation. Bronchial arteriography revealed a bronchial artery to pulmonary artery vascular malformation, which was successfully treated with coil embolization.