Migration of an intrauterine device causing severe hydronephrosis progressing to renal failure: A case report

RATIONALE: Intrauterine device (IUD) is commonly used in China. Its complications include uterine perforation, IUD ectopic migration, etc. However, a migrated IUD rarely leads to renal failure. PATIENT CONCERNS: IUD insertion in the patient was followed by unexplained pain in the left renal area, without bladder irritation or dysuresia. DIAGNOSES: Hydronephrosis, renal failure, migrated IUD. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic left nephrectomy, partial ureterectomy, and migrated IUD extraction. OUTCOMES: No complications were found after 1 year of follow-up. LESSON: An IUD should be placed by an experienced doctor. If conditions permit, it is best to perform the procedure under the guidance of ultrasound. The patients should be advised to undergo regular check-ups after the procedure. If necessary, abdominal color Doppler examination should be performed. Importantly, patients with IUD pregnancy must be reviewed.