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Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review

The essential oil fraction obtained from the rind of Citrus spp. is rich in chemical compounds of interest for the food and perfume industries, and therefore has been extensively studied during the last decades. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive review of the volatile composition of thi...

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Autores principales: González-Mas, M. Carmen, Rambla, José L., López-Gresa, M. Pilar, Blázquez, M. Amparo, Granell, Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6370709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30804951
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00012
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author González-Mas, M. Carmen
Rambla, José L.
López-Gresa, M. Pilar
Blázquez, M. Amparo
Granell, Antonio
author_facet González-Mas, M. Carmen
Rambla, José L.
López-Gresa, M. Pilar
Blázquez, M. Amparo
Granell, Antonio
author_sort González-Mas, M. Carmen
collection PubMed
description The essential oil fraction obtained from the rind of Citrus spp. is rich in chemical compounds of interest for the food and perfume industries, and therefore has been extensively studied during the last decades. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive review of the volatile composition of this oil fraction and rind extracts for the 10 most studied Citrus species: C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. reticulata (mandarin), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. grandis (pummelo), C. limon (lemon), C. medica (citron), C. aurantifolia (lime), C. aurantium (bitter orange), C. bergamia (bergamot orange), and C. junos (yuzu). Forty-nine volatile organic compounds have been reported in all 10 species, most of them terpenoid (90%), although about half of the volatile compounds identified in Citrus peel are non-terpenoid. Over 400 volatiles of different chemical nature have been exclusively described in only one of these species and some of them could be useful as species biomarkers. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on volatile composition arranges these Citrus species in three clusters which essentially mirrors those obtained with genetic information. The first cluster is comprised by C. reticulata, C. grandis, C. sinensis, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, and is mainly characterized by the presence of a larger abundance of non-terpenoid ester and aldehyde compounds than in the other species reviewed. The second cluster is comprised by C. junos, C. medica, C. aurantifolia, and C. bergamia, and is characterized by the prevalence of mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Finally, C. limon shows a particular volatile profile with some sulfur monoterpenoids and non-terpenoid esters and aldehydes as part of its main differential peculiarities. A systematic description of the rind volatile composition in each of the species is provided together with a general comparison with those in leaves and blossoms. Additionally, the most widely used techniques for the extraction and analysis of volatile Citrus compounds are also described.
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spelling pubmed-63707092019-02-25 Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review González-Mas, M. Carmen Rambla, José L. López-Gresa, M. Pilar Blázquez, M. Amparo Granell, Antonio Front Plant Sci Plant Science The essential oil fraction obtained from the rind of Citrus spp. is rich in chemical compounds of interest for the food and perfume industries, and therefore has been extensively studied during the last decades. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive review of the volatile composition of this oil fraction and rind extracts for the 10 most studied Citrus species: C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. reticulata (mandarin), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. grandis (pummelo), C. limon (lemon), C. medica (citron), C. aurantifolia (lime), C. aurantium (bitter orange), C. bergamia (bergamot orange), and C. junos (yuzu). Forty-nine volatile organic compounds have been reported in all 10 species, most of them terpenoid (90%), although about half of the volatile compounds identified in Citrus peel are non-terpenoid. Over 400 volatiles of different chemical nature have been exclusively described in only one of these species and some of them could be useful as species biomarkers. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on volatile composition arranges these Citrus species in three clusters which essentially mirrors those obtained with genetic information. The first cluster is comprised by C. reticulata, C. grandis, C. sinensis, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, and is mainly characterized by the presence of a larger abundance of non-terpenoid ester and aldehyde compounds than in the other species reviewed. The second cluster is comprised by C. junos, C. medica, C. aurantifolia, and C. bergamia, and is characterized by the prevalence of mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Finally, C. limon shows a particular volatile profile with some sulfur monoterpenoids and non-terpenoid esters and aldehydes as part of its main differential peculiarities. A systematic description of the rind volatile composition in each of the species is provided together with a general comparison with those in leaves and blossoms. Additionally, the most widely used techniques for the extraction and analysis of volatile Citrus compounds are also described. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6370709/ /pubmed/30804951 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00012 Text en Copyright © 2019 González-Mas, Rambla, López-Gresa, Blázquez and Granell. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
González-Mas, M. Carmen
Rambla, José L.
López-Gresa, M. Pilar
Blázquez, M. Amparo
Granell, Antonio
Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title_full Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title_short Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review
title_sort volatile compounds in citrus essential oils: a comprehensive review
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6370709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30804951
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00012
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