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Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults
Evidence suggests that community dwelling older adults (CDOA) are at risk for dysphagia (swallowing difficulties). Dysphagia is often unidentified until related morbidities like under nutrition or pneumonia occur. These cases of unidentified dysphagia, prior to any clinical intervention, may be term...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6371185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31011125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040090 |
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author | Madhavan, Aarthi Carnaby, Giselle D. Chhabria, Karishma Crary, Michael A. |
author_facet | Madhavan, Aarthi Carnaby, Giselle D. Chhabria, Karishma Crary, Michael A. |
author_sort | Madhavan, Aarthi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Evidence suggests that community dwelling older adults (CDOA) are at risk for dysphagia (swallowing difficulties). Dysphagia is often unidentified until related morbidities like under nutrition or pneumonia occur. These cases of unidentified dysphagia, prior to any clinical intervention, may be termed ‘pre-clinical dysphagia’. Identifying pre-clinical dysphagia is challenged by the lack of validated tools appropriate for CDOA. This study addresses preliminary development of a novel patient reported outcome (PRO) screening tool for pre-clinical dysphagia. Initially, 34 questions were developed from literature review and expert opinion. Following pilot testing (n = 53), the questionnaire was revised and tested on 335 additional CDOA. Face validity, content validity, item analysis, reliability (internal consistency), and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) measures were completed. Psychometric validation resulted in a 17-question PRO tool. Construct analysis identified a three-factor model that explained 67.345% of the variance. Emergent factors represented swallowing effort, physical function, and cognitive function. The results revealed strong construct validity and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.90). A novel, simple PRO incorporating multiple function domains associated with aging demonstrated strong preliminary psychometric properties. This tool is more comprehensive and aging-focused than existing dysphagia screening tools. Inclusion of multiple domains may be key in early identification of pre-clinical dysphagia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6371185 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63711852019-03-07 Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults Madhavan, Aarthi Carnaby, Giselle D. Chhabria, Karishma Crary, Michael A. Geriatrics (Basel) Article Evidence suggests that community dwelling older adults (CDOA) are at risk for dysphagia (swallowing difficulties). Dysphagia is often unidentified until related morbidities like under nutrition or pneumonia occur. These cases of unidentified dysphagia, prior to any clinical intervention, may be termed ‘pre-clinical dysphagia’. Identifying pre-clinical dysphagia is challenged by the lack of validated tools appropriate for CDOA. This study addresses preliminary development of a novel patient reported outcome (PRO) screening tool for pre-clinical dysphagia. Initially, 34 questions were developed from literature review and expert opinion. Following pilot testing (n = 53), the questionnaire was revised and tested on 335 additional CDOA. Face validity, content validity, item analysis, reliability (internal consistency), and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) measures were completed. Psychometric validation resulted in a 17-question PRO tool. Construct analysis identified a three-factor model that explained 67.345% of the variance. Emergent factors represented swallowing effort, physical function, and cognitive function. The results revealed strong construct validity and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.90). A novel, simple PRO incorporating multiple function domains associated with aging demonstrated strong preliminary psychometric properties. This tool is more comprehensive and aging-focused than existing dysphagia screening tools. Inclusion of multiple domains may be key in early identification of pre-clinical dysphagia. MDPI 2018-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6371185/ /pubmed/31011125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040090 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Madhavan, Aarthi Carnaby, Giselle D. Chhabria, Karishma Crary, Michael A. Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title | Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title_full | Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title_fullStr | Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title_short | Preliminary Development of a Screening Tool for Pre-Clinical Dysphagia in Community Dwelling Older Adults |
title_sort | preliminary development of a screening tool for pre-clinical dysphagia in community dwelling older adults |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6371185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31011125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040090 |
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