Distribution of Cancer by Sex and Site in Nepal

BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death throughout the world. The indicators of cancer by site are significant to identify the problem of cancer. The purpose of this retrospective study is to perform the incidence of all cancers both in males and females over the ten years in Nepal. METHODS: The data collected from all the seven hospital based cancer registries of Nepal have taken for the study. This retrospective study has presented the number of cases, frequencies, and crude incidence of all cancers by sex and site. RESULTS: A total of 55,931 cancer cases with known age were registered throughout the hospital based seven cancer registries of Nepal from 2003 to 2012. Throughout the ten years, Lung (incl. trachea and bronchus) cancer (19.08%) was the major cancer in males followed by stomach cancer (7.86%) and Pharynx cancer (5.4%). Similarly, Cervix cancer (21.9%) was the most common cancer in females followed by breast (15.48%) and Lung (incl. trachea and bronchus) cancer (10.47%) over the ten years. This retrospective study presented the distribution of the cancer site over the ten years in Nepal. CONCLUSION: This retrospective study showed that lung cancer is the major cancer in male while in female cervix uteri is the most common cancer ranging from 2003 to 2012.