Treatment Outcome of Intracranial Tumor Embolization in Japan: Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 3 (JR-NET3)

Embolization for intracranial tumor is performed as a standard endovascular treatment. A retrospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted to clarify the nature, frequency, and risk factors of complications in intracranial tumor embolization. Patients were derived from the Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy (JR-NET3) using data taken from January 2010 through December 2014 in Japan. A total of 40,169 patients were enrolled in JR-NET3, of which, 1,545 patients (3.85%) with intracranial tumors underwent embolization. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0–2 (independency) at 30 days after embolization. The secondary end point was the occurrence of complications related to the procedures. The risk factors of the development of complications were analyzed. The proportion of patients with mRS scores ≤2 at 30 days after procedure was 89.5%. Complications occurred in 57 of the 1544 patients (3.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that target vessels other than external carotid artery (ECA) (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.03–6.25; P <0.001) and use of liquid material (OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.50–4.68; P <0.001) were significantly associated with the development of complications. In JR-NET3, the primary end point was 89.5%, and the procedure-related complication rate was 3.7%. Embolization from other than ECA was significant risk factor of the complications. In addition, increasing usage of liquid embolic material worsened the risk of complications.