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Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp

Growth hormones (GH) alone does not explain the growth rate in the chicken as growth in an animal is multi-factorial. Normal morphology of the intestinal villus and crypt, with adequate regulation of intestinal nutrient transporters, is essential to a healthy gut. Nutrition plays a significant role...

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Autores principales: Ibitoye, E B, Lokman, I H, Hezmee, M N M, Goh, Y M, Zuki, A B Z, Jimoh, A A, Danmaigoro, A, Nicholas, N Pilau
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Poultry Science Association, Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6376217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30265345
http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey419
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author Ibitoye, E B
Lokman, I H
Hezmee, M N M
Goh, Y M
Zuki, A B Z
Jimoh, A A
Danmaigoro, A
Nicholas, N Pilau
author_facet Ibitoye, E B
Lokman, I H
Hezmee, M N M
Goh, Y M
Zuki, A B Z
Jimoh, A A
Danmaigoro, A
Nicholas, N Pilau
author_sort Ibitoye, E B
collection PubMed
description Growth hormones (GH) alone does not explain the growth rate in the chicken as growth in an animal is multi-factorial. Normal morphology of the intestinal villus and crypt, with adequate regulation of intestinal nutrient transporters, is essential to a healthy gut. Nutrition plays a significant role in gut health management, but information on the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan on gut morphology, gene expression of nutrient transporter, and serum levels of GH in broiler chickens is scanty. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the comparative effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on the small intestinal morphology, relative gene expression of intestinal nutrient transporters and serum level of GH in the broiler. A total of 150 day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to one of the five treatment groups (n = 30). Treatment 1 was fed basal diet only, treatments 2 to 5 were fed a basal diet with 0.5 g cricket chitin, cricket chitosan, shrimp chitin, and shrimp chitosan, respectively, per kg diet. At days 21 and 42, duodenal and jejunal samples were assessed for structural morphology and jejunum for the relative gene expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 using quantitative real-time PCR. Results bared that dietary cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan significantly (P < 0.05) improved jejunal villus height and reduced crypt depth without improving the body weight (BW). The gut morphology of birds under cricket chitin was poor and significantly (P < 0.05) different from other treated groups. Both the dietary chitin and chitosan at day 21 and only dietary chitosan at day 42 significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated the relative mRNA expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 of broiler chickens. Treated groups differ non-significantly at both phases, while cricket chitin numerically increased the relative expression of PepT1, EAAT3, and SGLT1. Therefore, the potential of cricket chitin to improve BW and to up-regulate nutrient transporters is worthy of further exploration.
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spelling pubmed-63762172019-02-21 Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp Ibitoye, E B Lokman, I H Hezmee, M N M Goh, Y M Zuki, A B Z Jimoh, A A Danmaigoro, A Nicholas, N Pilau Poult Sci Management and Production Growth hormones (GH) alone does not explain the growth rate in the chicken as growth in an animal is multi-factorial. Normal morphology of the intestinal villus and crypt, with adequate regulation of intestinal nutrient transporters, is essential to a healthy gut. Nutrition plays a significant role in gut health management, but information on the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan on gut morphology, gene expression of nutrient transporter, and serum levels of GH in broiler chickens is scanty. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the comparative effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on the small intestinal morphology, relative gene expression of intestinal nutrient transporters and serum level of GH in the broiler. A total of 150 day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to one of the five treatment groups (n = 30). Treatment 1 was fed basal diet only, treatments 2 to 5 were fed a basal diet with 0.5 g cricket chitin, cricket chitosan, shrimp chitin, and shrimp chitosan, respectively, per kg diet. At days 21 and 42, duodenal and jejunal samples were assessed for structural morphology and jejunum for the relative gene expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 using quantitative real-time PCR. Results bared that dietary cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan significantly (P < 0.05) improved jejunal villus height and reduced crypt depth without improving the body weight (BW). The gut morphology of birds under cricket chitin was poor and significantly (P < 0.05) different from other treated groups. Both the dietary chitin and chitosan at day 21 and only dietary chitosan at day 42 significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated the relative mRNA expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 of broiler chickens. Treated groups differ non-significantly at both phases, while cricket chitin numerically increased the relative expression of PepT1, EAAT3, and SGLT1. Therefore, the potential of cricket chitin to improve BW and to up-regulate nutrient transporters is worthy of further exploration. Poultry Science Association, Inc. 2019-02 2018-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6376217/ /pubmed/30265345 http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey419 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Poultry Science Association. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
spellingShingle Management and Production
Ibitoye, E B
Lokman, I H
Hezmee, M N M
Goh, Y M
Zuki, A B Z
Jimoh, A A
Danmaigoro, A
Nicholas, N Pilau
Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title_full Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title_fullStr Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title_full_unstemmed Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title_short Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
title_sort gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
topic Management and Production
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6376217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30265345
http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey419
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