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Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular accidents are rare in children. Rates of stroke in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection are higher than in the uninfected population. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 19-month-old Ethiopian boy who presented with a left-sided body weakness of sud...

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Autores principales: Alemayehu, Tinsae, Moges, Ayalew, Mekuanint, Ayal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6381618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30782204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1990-2
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author Alemayehu, Tinsae
Moges, Ayalew
Mekuanint, Ayal
author_facet Alemayehu, Tinsae
Moges, Ayalew
Mekuanint, Ayal
author_sort Alemayehu, Tinsae
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular accidents are rare in children. Rates of stroke in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection are higher than in the uninfected population. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 19-month-old Ethiopian boy who presented with a left-sided body weakness of sudden onset. He was also diagnosed as having human immunodeficiency virus infection. Laboratory tests showed an iron deficiency anemia and imaging revealed tuberculosis of his lungs, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes as well as an acute ischemic stroke of the right middle cerebral artery region. His symptoms improved after anti-tuberculosis drugs, antiretroviral treatment, and iron supplementation were initiated. CONCLUSIONS: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis should be considered a cause of sudden focal neurologic deficits in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection residing in endemic countries.
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spelling pubmed-63816182019-02-28 Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature Alemayehu, Tinsae Moges, Ayalew Mekuanint, Ayal J Med Case Rep Case Report BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular accidents are rare in children. Rates of stroke in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection are higher than in the uninfected population. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 19-month-old Ethiopian boy who presented with a left-sided body weakness of sudden onset. He was also diagnosed as having human immunodeficiency virus infection. Laboratory tests showed an iron deficiency anemia and imaging revealed tuberculosis of his lungs, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes as well as an acute ischemic stroke of the right middle cerebral artery region. His symptoms improved after anti-tuberculosis drugs, antiretroviral treatment, and iron supplementation were initiated. CONCLUSIONS: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis should be considered a cause of sudden focal neurologic deficits in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection residing in endemic countries. BioMed Central 2019-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6381618/ /pubmed/30782204 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1990-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Case Report
Alemayehu, Tinsae
Moges, Ayalew
Mekuanint, Ayal
Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title_full Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title_fullStr Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title_short Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
title_sort ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis in a child living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6381618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30782204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1990-2
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