The pattern of hearing outcome following surgery of the semicircular canals

OBJECTIVE: To analyze demographic, clinical, surgical, and audiometric factors that may affect hearing outcome following surgery for the semicircular canals (SCC). METHOD: This is a retrospective case review of adults who underwent surgeries for superior SCC (SSCC), lateral SCC (LSCC), or posterior SCC (PSCC) and whose data were extracted and analyzed for factors affecting the hearing outcome in these procedures. RESULTS: Thirteen patients underwent surgery for SSCC, seven cases for the LSCC, one for the PSCC, and one case of combined PSCC/SSCC surgery. The mean age was 49.8 ± 12 years (21–66). There was no difference between the preoperative and postoperative pure tone average (PTA) thresholds at 0.5–3 kHz. Higher thresholds were noted at 4, 6, and 8 kHz postoperatively. Deterioration (>10 dB) in the bone‐conduction (BC) PTA was demonstrated in 3 of 22 (13.6%) cases with no significant difference in the demographic, clinical, surgical, and preoperative audiometric parameters relative to the cases without PTA BC change. A significantly larger difference in PTA BC (pre‐ vs. postoperative) was seen for males. Small effect size was noted for Air conduction (AC) PTA in males, and moderate effect size for Word Recognition Score (WRS) in surgery for the LSCC compare to SSCC. CONCLUSIONS: SCC surgeries carry a relatively low risk of deterioration in PTA BC. High frequency thresholds should also be included in postoperative hearing outcome assessment. Cases of LSCC for intractable Meniere's disease and surgery in males carry higher risk of poor postoperative hearing outcomes. Level of Evidence: 4