Cargando…

Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain

Salinity is a major threat to modern agriculture causing inhibition and impairment of crop growth and development. Here, we not only review recent advances in salinity stress research in plants but also revisit some basic perennial questions that still remain unanswered. In this review, we analyze t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Isayenkov, Stanislav V., Maathuis, Frans J. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6384275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30828339
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00080
_version_ 1783396964771037184
author Isayenkov, Stanislav V.
Maathuis, Frans J. M.
author_facet Isayenkov, Stanislav V.
Maathuis, Frans J. M.
author_sort Isayenkov, Stanislav V.
collection PubMed
description Salinity is a major threat to modern agriculture causing inhibition and impairment of crop growth and development. Here, we not only review recent advances in salinity stress research in plants but also revisit some basic perennial questions that still remain unanswered. In this review, we analyze the physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of Na(+) and Cl(−) uptake, sequestration, and transport associated with salinity. We discuss the role and importance of symplastic versus apoplastic pathways for ion uptake and critically evaluate the role of different types of membrane transporters in Na(+) and Cl(−) uptake and intercellular and intracellular ion distribution. Our incomplete knowledge regarding possible mechanisms of salinity sensing by plants is evaluated. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of the mechanisms of ion toxicity leads us to believe that, in contrast to currently held ideas, toxicity only plays a minor role in the cytosol and may be more prevalent in the vacuole. Lastly, the multiple roles of K(+) in plant salinity stress are discussed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6384275
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-63842752019-03-01 Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain Isayenkov, Stanislav V. Maathuis, Frans J. M. Front Plant Sci Plant Science Salinity is a major threat to modern agriculture causing inhibition and impairment of crop growth and development. Here, we not only review recent advances in salinity stress research in plants but also revisit some basic perennial questions that still remain unanswered. In this review, we analyze the physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of Na(+) and Cl(−) uptake, sequestration, and transport associated with salinity. We discuss the role and importance of symplastic versus apoplastic pathways for ion uptake and critically evaluate the role of different types of membrane transporters in Na(+) and Cl(−) uptake and intercellular and intracellular ion distribution. Our incomplete knowledge regarding possible mechanisms of salinity sensing by plants is evaluated. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of the mechanisms of ion toxicity leads us to believe that, in contrast to currently held ideas, toxicity only plays a minor role in the cytosol and may be more prevalent in the vacuole. Lastly, the multiple roles of K(+) in plant salinity stress are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6384275/ /pubmed/30828339 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00080 Text en Copyright © 2019 Isayenkov and Maathuis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Isayenkov, Stanislav V.
Maathuis, Frans J. M.
Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title_full Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title_fullStr Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title_full_unstemmed Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title_short Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain
title_sort plant salinity stress: many unanswered questions remain
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6384275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30828339
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00080
work_keys_str_mv AT isayenkovstanislavv plantsalinitystressmanyunansweredquestionsremain
AT maathuisfransjm plantsalinitystressmanyunansweredquestionsremain