Exercise training and postural correction improve upper extremity symptoms among touchscreen smartphone users

BACKGROUND: Repetitive movements and poor posture are associated with over-use of smartphones when texting or playing games and significantly contribute to the symptoms of pain and discomfort in the upper extremities. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of exercise training and postural correction on disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH), hand grip and key pinch strength among smartphone users. METHODS: One hundred university students were randomly divided into two groups; the experimental group participated in a 12-week programme of exercise training and postural corrections. The control group were instructed to follow their usual routine for smartphone utilization. Measurements of DASH scores, hand grip strength, and key pinch grip strength were conducted before and after 12 weeks for both groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the start values of both groups for DASH scores, hand grip strength, and key pinch strength (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant improvement in all outcomes measured in the experimental group (p < 0.05), with significant changes in the outcomes of the control group. CONCLUSION: Postural correction combined with a selected exercise training programme improved the hand grip, key pinch grip strength, and upper extremity disability and symptoms associated with smartphone use among university students.