Dynamic changes in purine catabolism in patients with acute coronary syndrome that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are global problems. They are causes of death in about 43% of people worldwide and may become the most widespread reason of death by 2020. The prognosis is directly dependent to immediate diagnosis and on time treatment. Introduction of new biochemical markers as the early diagnosis of complications after coronary revascularization is very important in this period. Herein, we assayed the changes of purine catabolites in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in comparison with control group. METHODS: Thirty five ACS patients (20 males and 15 females) were included (57±17 years old) in the study. The determination of intermediates of purine catabolism as guanine, hypoxanthine (GCS), adenine, xanthine (Kc) and uric acid (MK) were assayed before and 3 days after PCI. Conditionally, 35 healthy-matched persons were included in the control group. Purine catabolites were determined in plasma through the method of Oreshnikov E.V (2008). RESULTS: In ACS patients, prior to PCI, there was a tendency to increase the concentration of guanine (P=0.001), hypoxanthine (P=0.002) adenine (P=0.0003), xanthine (P=0.000003) and uric acid (P=-0.000001) relative to the upper limits of normal ranges. And on the third day after PCI, there was the second tendency to increase the levels of guanine (P=0.000001), hypoxanthine (P=0.000001) adenine (P=0.0000001), xanthine (P=0.000001) and uric acid (P=0.0000001) relative to upper limits of normal ranges. CONCLUSION: Increment of plasma purine catabolites can be a marker of inflammation and instability of coronary artery plaques and may be used as a restenosis marker in patients with history of PCI.