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Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence

We described the geographic distribution of 82 haemosporidian lineages (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon) in the cattle egret sampled in five countries in central-western and southern Africa. Seventy-three lineages have not previously been reported. We determined the prevalence of three h...

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Autores principales: Villar Couto, Cynthia M., Cumming, Graeme S., Lacorte, Gustavo A., Congrains, Carlos, Izbicki, Rafael, Braga, Erika Martins, Rocha, Cristiano D., Moralez-Silva, Emmanuel, Henry, Dominic A. W., Manu, Shiiwua A., Abalaka, Jacinta, Regalla, Aissa, da Silva, Alfredo Simão, Diop, Moussa S., Del Lama, Silvia N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6386389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30794584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212425
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author Villar Couto, Cynthia M.
Cumming, Graeme S.
Lacorte, Gustavo A.
Congrains, Carlos
Izbicki, Rafael
Braga, Erika Martins
Rocha, Cristiano D.
Moralez-Silva, Emmanuel
Henry, Dominic A. W.
Manu, Shiiwua A.
Abalaka, Jacinta
Regalla, Aissa
da Silva, Alfredo Simão
Diop, Moussa S.
Del Lama, Silvia N.
author_facet Villar Couto, Cynthia M.
Cumming, Graeme S.
Lacorte, Gustavo A.
Congrains, Carlos
Izbicki, Rafael
Braga, Erika Martins
Rocha, Cristiano D.
Moralez-Silva, Emmanuel
Henry, Dominic A. W.
Manu, Shiiwua A.
Abalaka, Jacinta
Regalla, Aissa
da Silva, Alfredo Simão
Diop, Moussa S.
Del Lama, Silvia N.
author_sort Villar Couto, Cynthia M.
collection PubMed
description We described the geographic distribution of 82 haemosporidian lineages (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon) in the cattle egret sampled in five countries in central-western and southern Africa. Seventy-three lineages have not previously been reported. We determined the prevalence of three haemosporidians in the samples. We investigated the influence of the internal environment of the host and environmental variables on the Plasmodium diversity and whether environmental variables may explain spatial variations in the prevalence of Plasmodium. We screened DNA from 509 blood samples from nestlings in 15 African colonies for infection by sequencing the cytochrome b gene of parasites. The molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian methods and including sequences from the MalAvi and GeneBank databases. We found 62 new Plasmodium lineages in a clade with MYCAME02, which is a lineage described in waterbirds and recently identified in birds of prey as Plasmodium paranucleophilum. Two Haemoproteus lineages identified in cattle egret formed a distinct group with Haemoproteus catharti and MYCAMH1 (Haemoproteus spp.). Seven Leucocytozoon lineages found in the cattle egret clustered with Leucocytozoon californicus. We found different Plasmodium diversities among the colonies sampled, demonstrating that the internal environment of the host is not the primary determinant of diversity. A linear mixed-effects multivariate model showed that precipitation was positively associated with Plasmodium diversity when controlling for the effects of temperature, colony composition (mixed and non-mixed species) and country. Moreover, a generalized mixed model showed that temperature was positively associated with the prevalence of Plasmodium when controlling for precipitation, elevation and country. We conclude that the cattle egret is a good model for future haemosporidian studies, as we found a significant number of new lineages in this host, which occupies regions with different climate characteristics where environmental variables exert an influence on the diversity and prevalence of Plasmodium.
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spelling pubmed-63863892019-03-09 Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence Villar Couto, Cynthia M. Cumming, Graeme S. Lacorte, Gustavo A. Congrains, Carlos Izbicki, Rafael Braga, Erika Martins Rocha, Cristiano D. Moralez-Silva, Emmanuel Henry, Dominic A. W. Manu, Shiiwua A. Abalaka, Jacinta Regalla, Aissa da Silva, Alfredo Simão Diop, Moussa S. Del Lama, Silvia N. PLoS One Research Article We described the geographic distribution of 82 haemosporidian lineages (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon) in the cattle egret sampled in five countries in central-western and southern Africa. Seventy-three lineages have not previously been reported. We determined the prevalence of three haemosporidians in the samples. We investigated the influence of the internal environment of the host and environmental variables on the Plasmodium diversity and whether environmental variables may explain spatial variations in the prevalence of Plasmodium. We screened DNA from 509 blood samples from nestlings in 15 African colonies for infection by sequencing the cytochrome b gene of parasites. The molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian methods and including sequences from the MalAvi and GeneBank databases. We found 62 new Plasmodium lineages in a clade with MYCAME02, which is a lineage described in waterbirds and recently identified in birds of prey as Plasmodium paranucleophilum. Two Haemoproteus lineages identified in cattle egret formed a distinct group with Haemoproteus catharti and MYCAMH1 (Haemoproteus spp.). Seven Leucocytozoon lineages found in the cattle egret clustered with Leucocytozoon californicus. We found different Plasmodium diversities among the colonies sampled, demonstrating that the internal environment of the host is not the primary determinant of diversity. A linear mixed-effects multivariate model showed that precipitation was positively associated with Plasmodium diversity when controlling for the effects of temperature, colony composition (mixed and non-mixed species) and country. Moreover, a generalized mixed model showed that temperature was positively associated with the prevalence of Plasmodium when controlling for precipitation, elevation and country. We conclude that the cattle egret is a good model for future haemosporidian studies, as we found a significant number of new lineages in this host, which occupies regions with different climate characteristics where environmental variables exert an influence on the diversity and prevalence of Plasmodium. Public Library of Science 2019-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6386389/ /pubmed/30794584 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212425 Text en © 2019 Villar Couto et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Villar Couto, Cynthia M.
Cumming, Graeme S.
Lacorte, Gustavo A.
Congrains, Carlos
Izbicki, Rafael
Braga, Erika Martins
Rocha, Cristiano D.
Moralez-Silva, Emmanuel
Henry, Dominic A. W.
Manu, Shiiwua A.
Abalaka, Jacinta
Regalla, Aissa
da Silva, Alfredo Simão
Diop, Moussa S.
Del Lama, Silvia N.
Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title_full Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title_fullStr Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title_full_unstemmed Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title_short Avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern Africa: High diversity and prevalence
title_sort avian haemosporidians in the cattle egret (bubulcus ibis) from central-western and southern africa: high diversity and prevalence
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6386389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30794584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212425
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