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Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts
The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6386840/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30678131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030489 |
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author | Cioni, Carla Angiulli, Elisa Toni, Mattia |
author_facet | Cioni, Carla Angiulli, Elisa Toni, Mattia |
author_sort | Cioni, Carla |
collection | PubMed |
description | The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO in the central modulation of hormone release in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial and the caudal neurosecretory systems of teleosts during the osmotic stress response. Active NOS enzymes are constitutively expressed by the magnocellular and parvocellular hypophysiotropic neurons and the caudal neurosecretory neurons of teleosts. Moreover, their expression may be regulated in response to the osmotic challenge. Available data suggests that the regulatory role of NO appeared early during vertebrate phylogeny and the neuroendocrine modulation by NO is conservative. Nonetheless, NO seems to have opposite effects in fish compared to mammals. Indeed, NO exerts excitatory effects on the electrical activity of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, influencing the amount of peptides released from the urophysis, while it inhibits hormone release from the magnocellular neurons in mammals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6386840 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63868402019-02-27 Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts Cioni, Carla Angiulli, Elisa Toni, Mattia Int J Mol Sci Review The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO in the central modulation of hormone release in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial and the caudal neurosecretory systems of teleosts during the osmotic stress response. Active NOS enzymes are constitutively expressed by the magnocellular and parvocellular hypophysiotropic neurons and the caudal neurosecretory neurons of teleosts. Moreover, their expression may be regulated in response to the osmotic challenge. Available data suggests that the regulatory role of NO appeared early during vertebrate phylogeny and the neuroendocrine modulation by NO is conservative. Nonetheless, NO seems to have opposite effects in fish compared to mammals. Indeed, NO exerts excitatory effects on the electrical activity of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, influencing the amount of peptides released from the urophysis, while it inhibits hormone release from the magnocellular neurons in mammals. MDPI 2019-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6386840/ /pubmed/30678131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030489 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Cioni, Carla Angiulli, Elisa Toni, Mattia Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title | Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title_full | Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title_fullStr | Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title_full_unstemmed | Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title_short | Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts |
title_sort | nitric oxide and the neuroendocrine control of the osmotic stress response in teleosts |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6386840/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30678131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030489 |
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