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Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?

There is an increasing demand for alternative in vitro methods to replace animal testing, and, to succeed, new methods are required to be at least as accurate as existing in vivo tests. However, skin sensitization is a complex process requiring coordinated and tightly regulated interactions between...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Grundström, Gunilla, Borrebaeck, Carl A.K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6387141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30720708
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030666
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author Grundström, Gunilla
Borrebaeck, Carl A.K.
author_facet Grundström, Gunilla
Borrebaeck, Carl A.K.
author_sort Grundström, Gunilla
collection PubMed
description There is an increasing demand for alternative in vitro methods to replace animal testing, and, to succeed, new methods are required to be at least as accurate as existing in vivo tests. However, skin sensitization is a complex process requiring coordinated and tightly regulated interactions between a variety of cells and molecules. Consequently, there is considerable difficulty in reproducing this level of biological complexity in vitro, and as a result the development of non-animal methods has posed a major challenge. However, with the use of a relevant biological system, the high information content of whole genome expression, and comprehensive bioinformatics, assays for most complex biological processes can be achieved. We propose that the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection (GARD™) assay, developed to create a holistic data-driven in vitro model with high informational content, could be such an example. Based on the genomic expression of a mature human dendritic cell line and state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, GARD™ can today accurately predict skin sensitizers and correctly categorize skin sensitizing potency. Consequently, by utilizing advanced processing tools in combination with high information genomic or proteomic data, we can take the next step toward alternative methods with the same predictive accuracy as today’s in vivo methods—and beyond.
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spelling pubmed-63871412019-02-27 Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next? Grundström, Gunilla Borrebaeck, Carl A.K. Int J Mol Sci Commentary There is an increasing demand for alternative in vitro methods to replace animal testing, and, to succeed, new methods are required to be at least as accurate as existing in vivo tests. However, skin sensitization is a complex process requiring coordinated and tightly regulated interactions between a variety of cells and molecules. Consequently, there is considerable difficulty in reproducing this level of biological complexity in vitro, and as a result the development of non-animal methods has posed a major challenge. However, with the use of a relevant biological system, the high information content of whole genome expression, and comprehensive bioinformatics, assays for most complex biological processes can be achieved. We propose that the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection (GARD™) assay, developed to create a holistic data-driven in vitro model with high informational content, could be such an example. Based on the genomic expression of a mature human dendritic cell line and state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, GARD™ can today accurately predict skin sensitizers and correctly categorize skin sensitizing potency. Consequently, by utilizing advanced processing tools in combination with high information genomic or proteomic data, we can take the next step toward alternative methods with the same predictive accuracy as today’s in vivo methods—and beyond. MDPI 2019-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6387141/ /pubmed/30720708 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030666 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Commentary
Grundström, Gunilla
Borrebaeck, Carl A.K.
Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title_full Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title_fullStr Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title_full_unstemmed Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title_short Skin Sensitization Testing—What’s Next?
title_sort skin sensitization testing—what’s next?
topic Commentary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6387141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30720708
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030666
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