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SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers
In this paper, we present a method that facilitates Internet of Things (IoT) for building a product passport and data exchange enabling the next stage of the circular economy. SmartTags based on printed sensors (i.e., using functional ink) and a modified GS1 barcode standard enable unique identifica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6387165/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30704112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030586 |
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author | Gligoric, Nenad Krco, Srdjan Hakola, Liisa Vehmas, Kaisa De, Suparna Moessner, Klaus Jansson, Kristoffer Polenz, Ingmar van Kranenburg, Rob |
author_facet | Gligoric, Nenad Krco, Srdjan Hakola, Liisa Vehmas, Kaisa De, Suparna Moessner, Klaus Jansson, Kristoffer Polenz, Ingmar van Kranenburg, Rob |
author_sort | Gligoric, Nenad |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, we present a method that facilitates Internet of Things (IoT) for building a product passport and data exchange enabling the next stage of the circular economy. SmartTags based on printed sensors (i.e., using functional ink) and a modified GS1 barcode standard enable unique identification of objects on a per item-level (including Fast-Moving Consumer Goods—FMCG), collecting, sensing, and reading of parameters from environment as well as tracking a products’ lifecycle. The developed ontology is the first effort to define a semantic model for dynamic sensors, including datamatrix and QR codes. The evaluation of decoding and readability of identifiers (QR codes) showed good performance for detection of sensor state printed over and outside the QR code data matrix, i.e., the recognition ability with image vision algorithm was possible. The evaluation of the decoding performance of the QR code data matrix printed with sensors was also efficient, i.e., the QR code ability to be decoded with the reader after reversible and irreversible process of ink (dis)appearing was preserved, with slight drop in performance if ink density is low. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6387165 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63871652019-02-26 SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers Gligoric, Nenad Krco, Srdjan Hakola, Liisa Vehmas, Kaisa De, Suparna Moessner, Klaus Jansson, Kristoffer Polenz, Ingmar van Kranenburg, Rob Sensors (Basel) Article In this paper, we present a method that facilitates Internet of Things (IoT) for building a product passport and data exchange enabling the next stage of the circular economy. SmartTags based on printed sensors (i.e., using functional ink) and a modified GS1 barcode standard enable unique identification of objects on a per item-level (including Fast-Moving Consumer Goods—FMCG), collecting, sensing, and reading of parameters from environment as well as tracking a products’ lifecycle. The developed ontology is the first effort to define a semantic model for dynamic sensors, including datamatrix and QR codes. The evaluation of decoding and readability of identifiers (QR codes) showed good performance for detection of sensor state printed over and outside the QR code data matrix, i.e., the recognition ability with image vision algorithm was possible. The evaluation of the decoding performance of the QR code data matrix printed with sensors was also efficient, i.e., the QR code ability to be decoded with the reader after reversible and irreversible process of ink (dis)appearing was preserved, with slight drop in performance if ink density is low. MDPI 2019-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6387165/ /pubmed/30704112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030586 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gligoric, Nenad Krco, Srdjan Hakola, Liisa Vehmas, Kaisa De, Suparna Moessner, Klaus Jansson, Kristoffer Polenz, Ingmar van Kranenburg, Rob SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title | SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title_full | SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title_fullStr | SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title_full_unstemmed | SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title_short | SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers |
title_sort | smarttags: iot product passport for circular economy based on printed sensors and unique item-level identifiers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6387165/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30704112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030586 |
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