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A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan
BACKGROUND: Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. FINDINGS: This case study describes...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6389057/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29429413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 |
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author | Zia, Asad Ali, Muhammad Aziz, Hafsa Zia, Muhammad Shinwari, Zabta Khan Raza, Abida |
author_facet | Zia, Asad Ali, Muhammad Aziz, Hafsa Zia, Muhammad Shinwari, Zabta Khan Raza, Abida |
author_sort | Zia, Asad |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. FINDINGS: This case study describes a 47-year-old male diagnosed with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection in 2003. After an initial diagnosis of viral infection, the patient remained treatment naïve for 5 years. He received two therapy cycles of interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) in 2007 and 2010, however, he was non-responsive to the therapy. The patient then received an additional two treatment cycles of pegylated IFN α-2b plus RBV (in 2011 and 2013); he was still non-responsive. In 2016, the patient underwent sofosbuvir plus RBV combination therapy, however, the sustained virological response was still not achieved. The host genetic factor was found to be heterozygous guanine and thymine (GT) and cytosine and thymine (CT) genotypes of rs8099917 and rs12979860 polymorphism of IL28B, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the resistant variant belong to an out-group and may require triple therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first case that reports on a HCV-infected individual who was a non-responder to multiple IFN therapies in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to understand multidrug-resistant HCV variants in the Pakistani population. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6389057 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63890572019-03-19 A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan Zia, Asad Ali, Muhammad Aziz, Hafsa Zia, Muhammad Shinwari, Zabta Khan Raza, Abida Infect Dis Poverty Case Study BACKGROUND: Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. FINDINGS: This case study describes a 47-year-old male diagnosed with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection in 2003. After an initial diagnosis of viral infection, the patient remained treatment naïve for 5 years. He received two therapy cycles of interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) in 2007 and 2010, however, he was non-responsive to the therapy. The patient then received an additional two treatment cycles of pegylated IFN α-2b plus RBV (in 2011 and 2013); he was still non-responsive. In 2016, the patient underwent sofosbuvir plus RBV combination therapy, however, the sustained virological response was still not achieved. The host genetic factor was found to be heterozygous guanine and thymine (GT) and cytosine and thymine (CT) genotypes of rs8099917 and rs12979860 polymorphism of IL28B, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the resistant variant belong to an out-group and may require triple therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first case that reports on a HCV-infected individual who was a non-responder to multiple IFN therapies in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to understand multidrug-resistant HCV variants in the Pakistani population. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6389057/ /pubmed/29429413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Case Study Zia, Asad Ali, Muhammad Aziz, Hafsa Zia, Muhammad Shinwari, Zabta Khan Raza, Abida A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title_full | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title_fullStr | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title_full_unstemmed | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title_short | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
title_sort | case of a patient infected with a hepatitis c virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in pakistan |
topic | Case Study |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6389057/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29429413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 |
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